有轨电车列车—嵌入式轨道动态相互作用研究

发布时间：2018-06-25 18:36

  本文选题：有轨电车列车 + 嵌入式轨道　； 参考：《西南交通大学》2014年博士论文

【摘要】：有轨电车经历了兴起-衰落-复兴的阶段。由于有轨电车具有广泛的适用性及建设灵活性,可以满足不同城市、不同区域、不同运量对轨道交通的不同需求,我国目前有25个省(区、市)的72座城市提出了建设现代有轨电车线路的发展规划,超过40座城市已经开展了现代有轨电车的路网规划工作,规划线路达到50条以上,规划里程高达1300多公里,总投资将超过3000亿元。但是,现代有轨电车在我国刚刚兴起,还缺乏相关的建设和运营标准及相关的理论研究成果支撑。为保证现代有轨电车在我国的健康快速发展,急需对现代有轨电车系统开展深入的理论和试验研究。因此,对有轨电车列车-嵌入式轨道耦合动力学性能研究具有重要的理论意义和工程应用价值。本文主要开展了以下几方面的研究工作：(1)论文首先简要回顾了国内外有轨电车的发展和有轨电车系统动力学研究的历史与现状,明确了有轨电车列车-嵌入式轨道耦合动力学研究的意义和研究方向。(2)基于车辆-轨道耦合系统动力学理论和有限元方法,建立了比较完善的有轨电车列车-嵌入式轨道耦合系统动力学模型。模型中,列车简化为96自由度的多刚体动力系统,车间铰接机构采用动力学约束建模,车间减振器采用空间非线性阻尼单元模拟；利用Timoshenko梁模拟连续弹性支承基础上的槽型轨,采用三维实体有限元单元模拟轨道板,钢轨填充材料用三维粘弹性弹簧-阻尼单元模拟,嵌入式道床板底部的自密实混凝土支撑简化为等效的弹簧-阻尼单元,不考虑路基的影响；车辆与钢轨间通过非线性的轮轨关系耦合,采用迹线法和最小距离法确定轮轨接触几何关系；采用Hertz非线性弹性接触理论求解轮轨法向力,采用沈氏理论确定轮轨切向力。通过仿真计算结果与现场测试结果的对比分析,验证了有轨电车列车-嵌入式轨道耦合系统动力学模型的准确性与可靠性。(3)归纳总结了国内外适用于有轨电车列车-嵌入式轨道耦合系统动力性能评定的相关标准和指标；介绍了国内嵌入式轨道综合试验段上有轨电车与新型嵌入式轨道结构的动力学试验情况,初步分析与评估了试验车辆与轨道的动力学性能；基于有轨电车列车-嵌入式轨道耦合动力学仿真计算,对有轨电车列车-嵌入式轨道耦合振动的基本特性进行了计算分析。(4)应用有轨电车列车-嵌入式轨道耦合系统动力学分析模型,从轨道几何不平顺敏感波长及安全限值两方面入手对嵌入式轨道结构的不平顺控制策略进行研究,系统调查轨道几何不平顺对有轨电车动力学性能的影响规律,提出了有轨电车运行安全性和运行平稳性指标的轨道几何不平顺敏感波长分别为1-20 m和1-40 m,以及方向、轨距、高低、水平和扭曲5种轨道几何不平顺安全限值,为现代有轨电车线路的标准建设和养护维修提供较为系统的理论依据。(5)基于轨道交通的典型轮轨伤损现象,建立了车轮擦伤、钢轨焊接不平顺、钢轨波磨3种典型的轮轨伤损分析模型,系统地调查了车轮擦伤、钢轨焊接不平顺及钢轨波磨3种典型的轮轨异常磨损形式对有轨电车列车-嵌入式轨道系统耦合振动行为的影响规律,并提出这3种典型轮轨伤损的养护维修策略。(6)应用有轨电车列车-嵌入式轨道耦合系统动力学分析模型,系统研究了承轨槽填充材料的刚度和阻尼、轨道板几何尺寸、轨道板下支承材料的刚度和阻尼等结构参数对有轨电车列车-嵌入式轨道耦合动力学性能的影响规律,提出了基于有轨电车动力学性能和轨道减振性能的嵌入式轨道结构和性能参数的优选范围,为有轨电车的工程建设提供理论指导与参考。
[Abstract]:The tram has gone through the stage of rise, decline and rejuvenation. Due to the wide applicability and flexibility of the tram, the tram can meet the different needs of different cities, different regions and different transport quantities to rail traffic. At present, 72 cities in 25 provinces (districts and cities) in China have proposed the development plan for the construction of modern tram lines. In 40 cities, the road network planning of modern tram has been carried out. The planning line has reached more than 50 lines, the planning mileage is up to more than 1300 kilometers and the total investment will exceed 300 billion yuan. However, the modern tram has just risen in China and lacks the related construction and operation standards and the related theoretical research results. With the rapid development of tram in China, it is urgent to carry out deep theoretical and Experimental Research on modern tram system. Therefore, it is of great theoretical significance and engineering application value to study the dynamic performance of tram train embedded track coupling. The main research work in this paper is as follows: (1) first paper The development of trams at home and abroad and the history and status of tram system dynamics research are briefly reviewed, and the significance and research direction of the study of tram train embedded orbit coupling dynamics are clarified. (2) based on the dynamic theory of vehicle track coupling system and the finite element method, a more perfect tram train is established. In the model of vehicle embedded orbit coupling system, the train is simplified as a multi rigid body dynamic system with 96 degrees of freedom. The articulated mechanism of the workshop is modeled by dynamic constraints. The workshop damper is simulated with a spatial nonlinear damping element, and the Timoshenko beam is used to simulate the groove rail on the basis of continuous elastic support, and the three-dimensional entity is used. The rail filling material is simulated and the rail filling material is simulated by a three-dimensional viscoelastic spring damping element. The self compacting concrete support at the bottom of the embedded bed plate is simplified to the equivalent spring damping element, without considering the influence of the subgrade. The vehicle and the rail are coupled by the nonlinear wheel rail relationship, and the method of trace and minimum distance is used to determine. The geometric relationship between wheel and rail contact is fixed, and the Hertz nonlinear elastic contact theory is used to solve the wheel rail normal force, and the tangential force of the wheel rail is determined by the Shen's theory. The accuracy and reliability of the dynamic model of the tram train - embedded track coupling system are verified by comparison and analysis of the simulation results and the field test results. (3) sum up the general The relevant standards and indexes for evaluating the dynamic performance of the tram train - embedded track coupling system both at home and abroad are put forward, and the dynamic test of the tram and the new embedded track structure on the integrated test section of the domestic embedded track is introduced, and the dynamic performance of the test vehicle and track is preliminarily analyzed and evaluated. The basic characteristics of the tram train embedded track coupling vibration are calculated and analyzed in the tram train - embedded track coupling dynamics simulation. (4) the dynamic analysis model of the tram train - embedded track coupling system is used to start from the two aspects of the track geometric irregularity sensitive wavelength and the safety limit. The irregularity control strategy of the embedded track structure is studied. The influence law of track geometric irregularity on the dynamic performance of tram is systematically investigated. The track geometric irregularity wavelengths are 1-20 m and 1-40 m respectively, and the direction, gauge, height, level and twist of the rail vehicle running safety and running stability are proposed. The safety limit of 5 kinds of track geometric irregularities provides a more systematic theoretical basis for the standard construction and maintenance of modern tram lines. (5) based on the typical rail traffic damage phenomenon, 3 typical wheel rail damage analysis models are established, including wheel scraping, rail welding irregularity and rail corrugation, and the wheel rail damage analysis model is systematically investigated. The effect of 3 typical irregular wheel rail wear forms on the coupling vibration behavior of the tram train embedded track system, and the maintenance strategies for the 3 typical wheel rail damage damage are put forward. (6) the dynamic analysis model of the tram train embedded track coupling system is applied to the system research. The influence of the stiffness and damping of the rail trench filling material, the geometric size of the rail plate, the stiffness and damping of the supporting material under the track plate on the dynamic performance of the train embedded track in the tram train are studied. The embedded track structure and the performance parameter based on the dynamic performance of the tram and the vibration damping of the rail are also proposed. The optimum range of number provides theoretical guidance and reference for the construction of trams.
【学位授予单位】：西南交通大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U492.433
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本文编号：2067077