无意识设计研究及在公交设施中的应用

发布时间：2018-07-05 12:59

本文选题：无意识设计 + 无意识行为　；参考：《陕西科技大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：对无意识思维的研究始于17世纪，在19世纪末开始了对无意识思维的实例验证研究，到20世纪末，随着无意识思维的实验研究明显增多，无意识思维的存在结论得到普遍接受，意识与无意识思维存在差异化的事实也得到广泛的验证与认可。随着技术的创新，在无意识思维领域的研究已经积累了很多成果，在此基础上也不断纵向横向的深入发展。在艺术设计领域中，无意识设计随即兴起。以深泽直人为代表的一些设计师最先提出无意识设计，，他们以缜密、细致的设计思维创造出了一系列优秀设计。无意识设计是根据人的需求心理、生活经验、行为习惯等方面，在此基础上综合考虑“人——物——环境”之间的关系，进行有效的设计。其设计目的是在满足人的身心需求的基础上唤起使用者美好回忆和生活体验，同时依照人的行为习惯而设计以减轻人们对产品的“适应负担”。除了以用户为中心进行无意识设计外，本文还将设计师无意识的创造过程也归纳到无意识设计的研究范畴。基于对无意识思维和无意识设计的分析总结，提出了无意识设计中的“偶联性”思想。“偶联性”是建立在事物之间，或事物与人之间的一种隐性联系基础上的一种关系。对“偶联性”作用机制的了解能够帮助设计师更好的进行设计创作。“偶联性”的提出是无意识设计思想的延续，有助于更深刻的了解无意识设计。目前，无意识设计仅在生活日用品中应用，在公共设施中还未涉及。在政府大力提倡绿色出行的政策引导下，公交出行已成为大众选择。因此将无意识设计应用在公交设施设计中，能将对人的关怀与尊重最大化普及。使公交设施既能丰富市民生活，又能改善现有城市交通的服务功能。将无意识设计应用到公交设施设计中的方法主要有观察法和心理评价法。首先，观察法用以收集基础信息，在本课题研究中能起到关键的作用。在公交站台这种自然情景中对乘客的无意识行为进行有目的、有计划的系统观察和记录，然后对所做记录进行分析、归类、总结，挖掘行为背后的需求信息。其次，用心理评价法对观察法所得到的需求信息进行验证和补充。由于观察法存在局限性，不能保证所提取信息全部概括了乘客所有需求点。因而采用心理评价法对公交设施设计需求进行验证和补充，最终得出公交设施设计需求。综合无意识理论研究和公交设施设计需求提出公交设施设计建议。论文所进行的相关研究工作包含了对无意识设计有了进一步的研究并提出理论创新，以及提供了从无意识角度挖掘乘客需求的方法和思路。使公交设施设计更加人性化。最终得出了公交设施的设计原则和尺度把握。
[Abstract]:The study of unconscious thinking began in the 17th century, and began the case study of unconscious thinking at the end of the 19th century. By the end of the 20th century, with the increase of the experimental study of unconscious thinking, the existence of unconscious thinking was generally accepted. The fact that there is difference between consciousness and unconscious thinking has also been widely verified and recognized. With the innovation of technology, many achievements have been accumulated in the field of unconscious thinking. In the field of art and design, unconscious design rose. Some designers represented by Shenzawa are the first to put forward unconscious design. They create a series of excellent designs with careful and meticulous design thinking. Unconscious design is based on the needs of human psychology, life experience, behavior habits and other aspects, on the basis of comprehensive consideration of the "human-material-environment" relationship, effective design. The purpose of the design is to arouse the user's happy memory and life experience on the basis of satisfying the human's physical and mental needs, and at the same time, to reduce the "adaptive burden" of the product according to the human behavior habit. In addition to the user-centered unconscious design, this paper also concludes the process of the designer's unconscious creation into the study of unconscious design. Based on the analysis and summary of unconscious thinking and unconscious design, this paper puts forward the idea of "coupling" in unconscious design. "Coupling" is a relationship based on an implicit connection between things or between things and people. Understanding the mechanism of coupling can help designers to design better. "Coupling" is a continuation of unconscious design, which is helpful to a deeper understanding of unconscious design. At present, unconscious design is only used in daily necessities, not in public facilities. Under the guidance of the government's policy of promoting green travel, public transportation has become a popular choice. Therefore, the application of unconscious design in the design of public transport facilities can maximize the popularity of care and respect for human beings. The public transport facilities can not only enrich the life of the citizens, but also improve the service function of the existing urban traffic. The main methods of applying unconscious design to the design of public transport facilities are observation method and psychological evaluation method. First of all, observation method is used to collect basic information, which can play a key role in this research. In the natural scene of bus stop, the passengers' unconscious behavior is observed and recorded systematically and purposefully, then the records are analyzed, classified, summed up, and the demand information behind the behavior is excavated. Secondly, the psychological evaluation method is used to verify and supplement the requirement information obtained by observation method. Because of the limitation of observation method, it can not be guaranteed that the extracted information can summarize all the passenger demand points. Therefore, the psychological evaluation method is used to verify and supplement the design requirements of public transport facilities, and finally to obtain the design needs of public transport facilities. Based on the research of unconscious theory and the demand of bus facility design, the paper puts forward some suggestions on bus facility design. The related research work in this paper includes further research on unconscious design and theoretical innovation, as well as methods and ideas for mining passenger demand from the perspective of unconsciousness. Make the design of public transport facilities more humanized. Finally, the design principles and standards of public transport facilities are obtained.
【学位授予单位】：陕西科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U491.17

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