桥梁TMD系统的参数优化与设计

发布时间：2018-07-10 16:33

本文选题：桥梁 + TMD　；参考：《湖南大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：桥梁结构在人行荷载、车辆荷载、强风以及地震等作用下容易产生振动问题。过大振动会影响通行舒适度，也容易引起构件的疲劳破坏。为了抑制结构振动，国内外学者提出了许多振动控制方法，其中调谐质量阻尼器（Tuned Mass Damper，简称TMD）是最常用的桥梁振动控制手段之一。本文针对STMD（Single TunedMass Damper，简称STMD）及MTMD（Multiple Tuned Mass Dampers，简称MTMD）的参数优化、鲁棒性、减振可靠性进行了深入研究，并以我国绵阳市一座城市人行桥为例进行了参数优化设计。论文主要研究内容和取得的成果如下： (1)介绍了桥梁结构的主要振动形式以及振动控制的主要方法，对TMD控制理论的发展历史、研究现状以及工程应用进行了综述。提出了本文的研究内容。 (2)对考虑被控结构阻尼的STMD进行了参数优化，利用数值方法得到了STMD的最优参数，并对TMD的相对位移进行了研究。结果表明Den Hartog基于耗能平衡的相对位移估算方法仅适用于无阻尼结构在共振区（0.9/p1.1）时TMD相对位移的估计，而且考虑结构阻尼时Den Hartog估算方法过大估计了TMD的相对位移。 (3)采用一种基于蒙特卡洛方法和模式搜索法的数值优化方法对MTMD进行了参数优化，并对MTMD的优化参数进行了研究。数值分析表明，相比于STMD，MTMD具有更好的控制效果以及更广的频率控制宽度，在总质量比相同的情况下，MTMD中TMD个数越多，减振效果会更好，但各个TMD的最优阻尼比会越小，因此各TMD的相对位移增加。 (4)通过改变被控结构的动力参数，，进行了STMD与MTMD系统的鲁棒性分析。分析表明，相比于被控结构阻尼比的偏移，TMD控制有效性对被控结构频率的偏移更加敏感，增加TMD的质量比有助于提高鲁棒性。 (5)考虑到TMD自身参数可能发生的偏离，建立了一种基于正态分布概率模型的自身参数偏离模型，并基于此偏离模型对STMD和MTMD的减振可靠性进行了研究。研究表明，STMD系统和MTMD系统中TMD的个数会对减振可靠性有一定影响。 (6)以绵阳市一座实际人行桥为数值算例，根据ANSYS分析以及现场实测获得的桥梁动力特性参数，进行了TMD减振的优化设计和减振效果的数值分析，验证了TMD能够有效控制桥梁振动。
[Abstract]:Bridge structure is prone to vibration problems under the action of pedestrian load, vehicle load, strong wind and earthquake. Excessive vibration will affect the comfort and fatigue damage of the components. In order to suppress structural vibration, many vibration control methods have been proposed by scholars at home and abroad, among which the tuned Mass damper (TMD) is one of the most commonly used bridge vibration control methods. In this paper, the parameter optimization, robustness and damping reliability of STMD (single tuned Mass Damper, STMD) and MTMD (multiple Tuned Mass Dampers) are studied, and the parameter optimization design of a pedestrian bridge in Mianyang City is given. The main contents and achievements are as follows: (1) the main vibration forms of bridge structure and the main methods of vibration control are introduced. The development history, research status and engineering application of TMD control theory are summarized. The research contents of this paper are presented. (2) the parameters of STMD with damping of controlled structure are optimized and the optimum parameters of STMD are obtained by numerical method. The relative displacement of TMD is studied. The results show that Den Hartog's relative displacement estimation method based on energy dissipation equilibrium is only suitable for estimating the relative displacement of undamped structures in the resonance region (0.9/p1.1). Moreover, Den Hartog estimation method overestimates the relative displacement of TMD when structural damping is considered. (3) A numerical optimization method based on Monte Carlo method and pattern search method is used to optimize the parameters of MTMD. The optimization parameters of MTMD are studied. Numerical analysis shows that compared with STMD-MTMD has better control effect and wider frequency control width, the more TMD in MTMD has the same total mass ratio, the better the damping effect is, but the smaller the optimal damping ratio of each TMD is. Therefore, the relative displacement of each TMD is increased. (4) the robustness of STMD and MTMD systems is analyzed by changing the dynamic parameters of the structure under control. The analysis shows that the effectiveness of TMD control is more sensitive to the frequency shift than the damping ratio of the controlled structure, and increasing the mass ratio of TMD is helpful to improve the robustness. (5) considering the possible deviation of the parameters of the TMD itself, A parameter deviation model based on normal distribution probability model is established, and the reliability of STMD and MTMD is studied based on the deviation model. The results show that the number of TMD in STMD system and MTMD system will have a certain effect on the reliability of vibration reduction. (6) taking a practical pedestrian bridge in Mianyang as a numerical example, the dynamic characteristic parameters of bridge are obtained by ANSYS analysis and field measurement. The optimal design of TMD vibration reduction and the numerical analysis of the damping effect are carried out, and it is proved that TMD can effectively control the bridge vibration.
【学位授予单位】：湖南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U441.3

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