灵活型公共交通系统综合评价体系研究

发布时间：2018-08-03 13:53

【摘要】：社会经济迅猛发展,城市规模不断扩大,优先发展公共交通成为促进城市与交通和谐发展的正确战略选择。常规型公共交通系统存在很多弊端,如不能满足老年人等特殊群体出行需求、不能满足乘客高质量出行要求、在城市新兴区域没有足够的客流支撑其运营、加剧燃油消耗和环境污染等。灵活型公共交通系统(Flex-route Transit),能够为出行者提供个性化、低成本、高质量的公交服务,有效抑制小汽车的快速发展,优化城市交通结构,减少环境污染和能源消耗,是以人为本、促进社会和谐发展的正确选择。灵活型公共交通系统综合评价体系的研究是对该系统进行全面认识和有效评估的基础,国外对灵活型公共交通系统评价体系的研究有所开展,但是其评价指标较为单一,在我国的适用性有待商榷,我国尚无对该系统评价体系的相关研究。论文根植于我国具体的城市交通现状,综合考虑出行者、公交运营企业、政府三方主体,提出了灵活型公共交通系统综合评价体系和综合评价方法。论文首先对国内外灵活型公共交通系统实践经验及研究成果进行了总结,对常规型公共交通系统评价指标和评价方法进行了概述。随后,论文提出了灵活型公共交通系统评价目的、评价流程、评价指标选取原则,以其为指导构建了基于乘客感知层面、公交运营层面、政府管理层面三个方面的综合评价指标体系,共包含15个评价指标,并对各项指标进行了量化。进而,论文根据灵活型公共交通系统特点及各评价方法适用性,确定了基于层次分析法的灰色关联度综合评价模型,通过层次分析法确定指标权重,基于灰色关联度方法建立二级指标灰色关联度评价矩阵,由低层向高层逐步进行评价,最终获取系统综合水平评价结果。论文最后选取济南市131路公交线路进行了灵活型公交模拟,通过模拟结果获取指标数据,构建了基于三方主体的综合评价指标体系,利用基于层次分析法的灰色关联度模型对该条模拟线路进行了综合评价,结果表明济南市131路灵活型公交模拟线路等级为二级良好,处于中等偏上水平。论文的创新点包括,论文首次构建了基于乘客感知层面(服务对象)、公交运营层面(服务提供机构)、政府管理层面(服务监督机构)三个方面的灵活型公共交通综合评价指标体系,确定了15个能够全面衡量系统综合水平的评价指标,并完成了指标量化。论文根据灵活型公共交通评价系统特点,将基于层次分析法的灰色关联度模型引入到了灵活型公共交通系统综合评价当中,同时考虑到该系统综合评价体系评价指标较多,采用了基于灰色关联度的二级指标评价矩阵,由低层向高层逐步进行评价,最终不仅给出了系统评价等级,而且给出了系统在各个等级内所占的比例,同时避免了由于每一个评价指标分得的权重较小,造成评价矩阵信息丢失较多的问题。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of social economy and the continuous expansion of urban scale, giving priority to the development of public transportation has become the correct strategic choice to promote the harmonious development of city and traffic. There are many drawbacks in the conventional public transport system, such as the inability to meet the travel needs of the elderly and other special groups, the inability to meet the high quality travel requirements of passengers, and the lack of sufficient passenger flow to support its operation in the emerging areas of the city. Fuel consumption and environmental pollution. Flexible public transport system (Flex-route Transit),) can provide personalized, low-cost, high-quality public transport services for travelers, effectively restrain the rapid development of cars, optimize urban traffic structure, reduce environmental pollution and energy consumption, and is people-oriented. The right choice to promote the harmonious development of society. The comprehensive evaluation system of flexible public transportation system is the basis of comprehensive understanding and effective evaluation of the system. Foreign research on flexible public transportation system evaluation system has been carried out, but its evaluation index is relatively single. The applicability of the system is open to question in our country, and there is no relevant research on the system evaluation system in our country. This paper is based on the present situation of urban transportation in China, considering the three main bodies of travelers, public transport enterprises and government, and puts forward a flexible comprehensive evaluation system and evaluation method of public transportation system. Firstly, the paper summarizes the practical experience and research results of flexible public transport system at home and abroad, and summarizes the evaluation index and evaluation method of conventional public transportation system. Then, the paper puts forward the purpose of flexible public transport system evaluation, evaluation process, evaluation index selection principles, based on passenger perception level, bus operation level. The comprehensive evaluation index system of three aspects of government management includes 15 evaluation indexes and quantifies each index. Then, according to the characteristics of flexible public transportation system and the applicability of each evaluation method, the grey relational degree comprehensive evaluation model based on AHP is established, and the index weight is determined by AHP. Based on the method of grey correlation degree, the evaluation matrix of secondary index grey correlation degree is established, and the evaluation results are obtained from the lower level to the higher level step by step, and finally the evaluation results of the comprehensive level of the system are obtained. At the end of the paper, the bus route 131 in Jinan is selected for flexible bus simulation. Through the result of simulation, the index data are obtained, and the comprehensive evaluation index system based on the tripartite main body is constructed. The grey correlation model based on AHP is used to evaluate the simulated line. The result shows that the grade of 131 flexible bus simulation line in Jinan is two level and is in the middle level. The innovations of the paper include, For the first time, the paper constructs a flexible comprehensive evaluation index system of public transport based on three aspects: passenger perception (service object), bus operation (service provider) and government management (service supervision). Fifteen evaluation indexes which can measure the comprehensive level of the system are determined, and the quantification of the indicators is completed. According to the characteristics of flexible public transportation evaluation system, the grey relational degree model based on analytic hierarchy process is introduced into the comprehensive evaluation of flexible public transportation system. The second-level index evaluation matrix based on grey correlation degree is used to evaluate the system from the lower level to the high level. Finally, not only the system evaluation grade is given, but also the proportion of the system in each grade is given. At the same time, the problem that the information of evaluation matrix is lost is avoided because the weight of each evaluation index is small.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U491.17

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