高速公路绿化设计理念与模式研究

发布时间：2018-08-15 12:00

【摘要】：随着经济社会的快速发展，高速公路已经成为现代生活不可或缺的交通基础设施。高速公路绿化是保证高速公路车辆正常通行和改善车辆行驶环境的重要手段。近年来，国内外高速公路绿化的理念和模式正在不断变化，生态系统管理、景观管理、近自然经营、生物多样性保护等新理论开始在高速公路绿化得到应用；新技术、新材料的广泛应用推动了高速公路绿化模式的多元化；生态文化概念的引入，增强了高速公路绿化的人文内涵。本研究在对国内外高速公路绿化理念与模式进行总结的基础上，分析了当前我国高速公路绿化中存在的主要问题，提出了符合我国实际的高速公路绿化设计理念，按照的不同功能区分，提出了高速公路绿化的基本模式。同时，以福永高速公路为例，从设计理念、绿化功能、植物配置、绿化模式、施工管护等方面，提出了优化建议。基本结论如下： 1）高速公路绿化应当提倡“绿化美化与道路养护相协调、景观布置与交通安全相协调、文化特色与自然环境相协调、工程措施与生态保护相协调”的基本理念，达到“稳固道路边坡，预防自然灾害，诱导司机视线，防止交通事故，保护自然环境，减少噪声尾气，，美化沿线景观，提供休闲场所”的目的。 2）高速公路绿化应当遵循“因地制宜、生态安全、景观和谐、环境良好”的原则。 3）高速公路绿化的主要模式包括：整形模式、图案模式、平植模式等中央分隔带绿化的设计模式；壤土基质模式、岩石基质模式、土石混基质模式等边坡绿化模式；乡土特色植物种植、观赏植物种植、屏障植物种植、防护林植物种植、灌木植物种植等高速公路两侧绿化模式；自然式群落种植绿化模式、大型模纹图案绿化模式、苗圃景观绿化模式等互通立交区域绿化模式。 4）高速公路绿化植物配置模式包括：绿篱式、插花式和跳跃式
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of economy and society, expressway has become an indispensable transportation infrastructure in modern life. Highway greening is an important means to ensure the normal passage of expressway vehicles and improve the driving environment. In recent years, the concept and mode of highway greening at home and abroad are constantly changing. New theories, such as ecosystem management, landscape management, near-natural management, biodiversity conservation, etc., have been applied to highway greening. The wide application of new materials has promoted the diversification of highway greening mode, and the introduction of the concept of ecological culture has strengthened the humanistic connotation of highway greening. On the basis of summing up the idea and mode of highway greening at home and abroad, this study analyzes the main problems existing in highway greening at present in China, and puts forward the design idea of highway greening in accordance with the reality of our country. According to the different function differentiation, put forward the basic mode of highway greening. At the same time, taking Fuyong Expressway as an example, the optimization suggestions are put forward from the aspects of design concept, greening function, plant configuration, greening mode, construction management and protection, etc. The basic conclusions are as follows: 1) the highway greening should promote the coordination of greening and beautification with road maintenance, landscape layout with traffic safety, and cultural characteristics with natural environment. The basic idea of coordinating engineering measures with ecological protection is to "stabilize road slopes, prevent natural disasters, induce drivers' sight, prevent traffic accidents, protect the natural environment, reduce noise emissions, and beautify the landscape along the route." The purpose of providing leisure places. 2) the principle of "taking measures according to local conditions, ecological security, harmonious landscape and good environment" should be followed in highway greening. 3) the main modes of highway greening include: shaping mode, Patterns, plantations and other design patterns of central separation belt greening; loam matrix model, rock matrix model, soil-rock mixed matrix model and slope greening model; local characteristic plant planting, ornamental plant planting, barrier plant planting, etc. Shelterbelt plant planting, shrub plant planting and other highway side greening mode; natural community planting and greening mode, large pattern greening mode, Nursery landscape greening mode and other interchange regional greening mode. 4) highway greening plant allocation mode including: hedgerow, flower arrangement and jump type
【学位授予单位】：中国林业科学研究院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U418.9

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