中央隔离条件下支路交通流转移机理研究

发布时间：2018-08-25 20:15

【摘要】：在我国城市道路交通管理中,尤其是中小城市,为了提高主干路与支路交叉口处的通行效率,公安交管部门经常在交叉口处采用中央隔离栏的方式对交通进行组织管理。虽然解决了高峰时段由“左进左出”车辆在交叉口内部所带来的负面效应,但在主干路设置中央隔离栏以后,所有“左进左出”的车辆又集中到邻近交叉口进行绕行,支路转移交通流将给路幅资源有限的相邻点段带来新的交通压力。在此种情形下,只要有突发性事件或者一个较小的扰动,很容易造成主干路及周边区域的交通运行状况的变化,甚至引起拥堵,导致主干路及周边区域交通运行效率下降。为了避免上述问题的产生,有必要对主干路设置中央隔离以后,支路转移交通流的转移过程及对下游交叉口产生的影响进行研究,为支路与主干路交叉口处是否设置中央隔离提供依据。首先,论文在交通冲突、可插车间隙等相关理论的基础上,对主干路设置中央隔离栏以后的支路交通流的转移过程进行分析。论文以路支路左转车流为研究对象,借鉴人工势能场的基本思想,将吸引力模型与排斥力模型与交通流理论相互结合,把人工势能场中的吸引力模型与排斥力模型分别与交通流理论中的效率与安全相互对应,研究了支路转移交通流在主干路上的跟驰和换道模型,并对模型进行数值分析实验与验证。其次,分析转移交通流的运行效率。设置中央隔离的最终目的是为了提高交通运行效率。因此,交通运行效率是设置中央隔离栏时需重点研究的关键问题。论文首先对支路车辆直接左转的行程时间和延误进行分析,然后对远引调头的行程时间和延误模型进行改进,并将模型与国内外相关研究模型进行对比分析,对模型进行验证。在此基础上,对比分析支路车辆直接左转和远引调头两种不同组织方式的运行效率,得出两种交通组织方式的行程时间和延误与流量变化之间的规律。最后,分析了转移交通流对下游交叉口的影响。对于无信号交叉口,设置中央隔离以后,转移交通流会对主干路车头时距产生影响。在主干路车头时距为不同的分布情况下,分析交叉口次要道路的通行能力。对于信号交叉口,根据实际调查交通流数据,回归分析得到了调头车辆比例与混合平均车头时距的关系模型,研究转移交通量对信号交叉口左转专用车道通行能力的影响,同时,结合论文所得到的信号交叉口行程时间和延误模型与流量变化之问的规律,得到了设置中央隔离栏后调头车流比例及主干路交通流量的阈值,为城市主干路设置中央隔离栏提供数据支撑。通过上述研究,既能够为我国中小城市中央隔离栏的设置提供依据,又为城市区域交通的组织优化、拥挤治理提供基础,具有一定的实际运用价值。
[Abstract]:In the urban road traffic management of our country, especially in the small and medium-sized cities, in order to improve the traffic efficiency at the intersection of the trunk road and the branch road, the traffic management department of the public security often uses the way of the central isolation fence to organize and manage the traffic at the intersection. Although the negative effects of the "left in and out" vehicles in the intersections during rush hours have been solved, after the main road has set up a central isolation bar, all the "left in and left out" vehicles have been concentrated at the adjacent intersections to make a detour. Branching traffic flow will bring new traffic pressure to adjacent points with limited road width. In this case, as long as there is a sudden event or a small disturbance, it is easy to cause changes in the traffic conditions of the trunk road and its surrounding areas, and even cause congestion, resulting in a decrease in the traffic efficiency of the trunk road and its surrounding areas. In order to avoid the above problems, it is necessary to study the transfer process of the branch road transfer traffic flow and the influence on the downstream intersection after the central isolation of the trunk road. It provides the basis for the central isolation at the intersection of the branch road and the main road. Firstly, based on the theory of traffic conflict and pluggable gap, the paper analyzes the traffic flow transfer process of the branch road after the central isolation bar is set up on the trunk road. Taking the left-turn flow of the road branch as the research object, the paper combines the attraction model and the repulsive force model with the traffic flow theory, using the basic idea of artificial potential energy field for reference. The attraction model and repulsive force model in the artificial potential energy field are corresponding to the efficiency and safety in the traffic flow theory respectively, and the car-following and changing models of the branch road transfer traffic flow on the trunk road are studied. The numerical analysis and verification of the model are carried out. Secondly, the efficiency of transferring traffic flow is analyzed. The ultimate purpose of setting up central isolation is to improve the efficiency of traffic operation. Therefore, traffic efficiency is the key problem to be studied when setting up the central isolation bar. This paper first analyzes the travel time and delay of the direct left turn of the branch vehicle, then improves the travel time and delay model of the remote diversion, and compares the model with the domestic and foreign related research models, and verifies the model. On this basis, the running efficiency of two different organization modes of direct left turn and remote diversion of branch vehicles is analyzed, and the rules of travel time, delay and flow change of the two traffic organization modes are obtained. Finally, the influence of the transfer traffic flow on the downstream intersection is analyzed. For unsignalized intersections, after central isolation, the transfer of traffic flow will affect the headway distance of the trunk road. The capacity of secondary roads at intersections is analyzed under the condition that the time distance of the main road front is different. For signalized intersections, according to the actual investigation of traffic flow data, regression analysis obtained the relationship between the proportion of turning vehicles and the mixed average headway time distance, and studied the influence of the transfer traffic volume on the traffic capacity of the left-turn special lane at the signalized intersection. At the same time, according to the rules of travel time and delay model of signalized intersection and the change of traffic flow, the ratio of traffic flow and the threshold of traffic flow on trunk road after setting central isolation bar are obtained. Provide data support for urban trunk roads to set up central isolation bar. The above research can not only provide the basis for the establishment of the central isolation fence in the small and medium-sized cities of our country, but also provide the foundation for the traffic organization optimization and congestion management in the urban area, which has certain practical application value.
【学位授予单位】：昆明理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U491.112

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