水下爆炸荷载下桥墩的作用效应和防护研究
发布时间：2018-08-28 19:18
【摘要】：钢筋混凝土桥墩是桥梁的主要支撑结构，当遭遇爆炸袭击时可能会引起桥梁的致命性破坏。认识桥墩受到爆炸荷载作用的破坏机理非常重要，这是今后桥梁抗爆设计的依据，也是桥梁遭遇爆炸破坏后抢修加固的技术基础。针对钢筋混凝土圆柱墩受水下爆炸荷载作用，采用数值模拟的方式开展其损伤机理和破坏模式的研究，具有较强的实际意义和经济价值，有助于桥梁结构的抗爆性能评估方法的建立。本文针对钢筋混凝土圆柱墩受水下爆炸荷载作用的作用效应和破坏模式进行等效数值模拟分析，并对抗爆措施进行探索性研究。主要研究以下几个方面内容： 1．详细介绍和阐述水下爆炸的基本物理现象，水下爆炸荷载的主要特性，以及水下爆炸冲击波的形成和传播过程，列出了炸药的Lee状态方程和水的JWL状态方程，以及水下冲击波超压峰值表达式和经验公式。 2．采用AUTODYN显式有限元软件模拟了水下爆炸冲击波传播过程和气泡脉动现象，分析了计算网格、状态方程、计算区域、粘性系数和水深等对计算结构的影响，并同经验公式进行对比。 3．采用冲量等价原则对水下爆炸荷载进行简化分析，将冲击波的指数衰减模型简化为三角形脉冲模型，并根据结构力学和数值分析的知识，简化圆柱墩的力学模型，计算得出关于结构位移的非线性动力方程式。 4．采用AOTUDYN显示动力分析软件充分考虑钢筋混凝土和水之间的流固耦合作用，对钢筋混凝土圆柱墩受水下爆炸荷载作用下的响应特性进行详细分析，并通过对比比例距离、梁体配筋率、配箍率等参数的变化，总结钢筋混凝土圆柱的破坏模式与水下冲击波的内在关系。 5．比较添加隔爆钢板后钢筋混凝土圆柱墩损伤及破坏情况，并根据橡胶材料的隔爆性能，对受橡胶层包裹的钢筋混凝土圆柱墩抵抗水下爆炸荷载作用防爆措施进行了探索。 通过以上研究，总结出钢筋混凝土圆柱墩受水下荷载的作用效应和破坏模式，并提出桥墩表面增添“抗冲瓦”的方案作为桥梁下部结构抵抗水下爆炸冲击的参考措施。研究得出的成果可为预测桥墩结构受水下爆炸荷载作用后的变形和破坏模式提供了参考，同时为桥墩结构的抗爆设计及防护提供理论依据，，具有重要的工程意义。
[Abstract]:Reinforced concrete pier is the main supporting structure of bridge, which may cause fatal damage when it is attacked by explosion. It is very important to understand the failure mechanism of bridge pier subjected to explosive load, which is the basis of anti-explosion design of bridge in the future and the technical foundation of repairing and strengthening bridge after it is damaged by explosion. In view of the effect of underwater explosion on reinforced concrete cylindrical pier, it is of great practical significance and economic value to study its damage mechanism and failure mode by means of numerical simulation. It is helpful to establish the evaluation method of anti-explosion performance of bridge structure. In this paper, the equivalent numerical simulation analysis of the effect and failure mode of reinforced concrete cylindrical pier subjected to underwater explosion load is carried out, and the explosion-proof measures are studied. The main contents are as follows: 1. The basic physical phenomena of underwater explosion, the main characteristics of underwater explosion load, and the formation and propagation process of underwater explosion shock wave are introduced and expounded in detail. The Lee equation of state for explosives and the JWL equation of state for water are listed. AUTODYN explicit finite element software is used to simulate the process of underwater explosion shock wave propagation and bubble pulsation, and the computational grid, equation of state and calculation area are analyzed. The effects of viscosity coefficient and water depth on the calculation of structures are compared with empirical formulas. 3. The simplified analysis of underwater explosion loads is carried out by using the principle of impulse equivalence. The exponential attenuation model of shock wave is simplified as triangular pulse model, and the mechanical model of cylindrical pier is simplified according to the knowledge of structural mechanics and numerical analysis. The nonlinear dynamic equations of structural displacements are obtained. 4. The fluid-solid coupling between reinforced concrete and water is fully considered by AOTUDYN display dynamic analysis software. The response characteristics of reinforced concrete cylindrical pier under underwater explosion load are analyzed in detail. The internal relationship between the failure mode of reinforced concrete cylinder and underwater shock wave is summarized. 5. The damage and failure of reinforced concrete cylindrical pier after adding flameproof steel plate are compared, and according to the flameproof property of rubber material, The explosion-proof measures of reinforced concrete cylindrical pier covered with rubber layer to resist underwater explosion load are explored. Through the above research, the action effect and failure mode of reinforced concrete cylindrical pier subjected to underwater load are summarized, and the scheme of adding "anti-impact tile" on the surface of bridge pier is put forward as a reference measure for the substructure of the bridge to resist underwater explosion impact. The results of the study can provide a reference for predicting the deformation and failure mode of pier structure under underwater explosion load, and also provide theoretical basis for anti-explosion design and protection of pier structure, which is of great engineering significance.
【学位授予单位】：武汉理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U443.22
本文编号：2210357
[Abstract]:Reinforced concrete pier is the main supporting structure of bridge, which may cause fatal damage when it is attacked by explosion. It is very important to understand the failure mechanism of bridge pier subjected to explosive load, which is the basis of anti-explosion design of bridge in the future and the technical foundation of repairing and strengthening bridge after it is damaged by explosion. In view of the effect of underwater explosion on reinforced concrete cylindrical pier, it is of great practical significance and economic value to study its damage mechanism and failure mode by means of numerical simulation. It is helpful to establish the evaluation method of anti-explosion performance of bridge structure. In this paper, the equivalent numerical simulation analysis of the effect and failure mode of reinforced concrete cylindrical pier subjected to underwater explosion load is carried out, and the explosion-proof measures are studied. The main contents are as follows: 1. The basic physical phenomena of underwater explosion, the main characteristics of underwater explosion load, and the formation and propagation process of underwater explosion shock wave are introduced and expounded in detail. The Lee equation of state for explosives and the JWL equation of state for water are listed. AUTODYN explicit finite element software is used to simulate the process of underwater explosion shock wave propagation and bubble pulsation, and the computational grid, equation of state and calculation area are analyzed. The effects of viscosity coefficient and water depth on the calculation of structures are compared with empirical formulas. 3. The simplified analysis of underwater explosion loads is carried out by using the principle of impulse equivalence. The exponential attenuation model of shock wave is simplified as triangular pulse model, and the mechanical model of cylindrical pier is simplified according to the knowledge of structural mechanics and numerical analysis. The nonlinear dynamic equations of structural displacements are obtained. 4. The fluid-solid coupling between reinforced concrete and water is fully considered by AOTUDYN display dynamic analysis software. The response characteristics of reinforced concrete cylindrical pier under underwater explosion load are analyzed in detail. The internal relationship between the failure mode of reinforced concrete cylinder and underwater shock wave is summarized. 5. The damage and failure of reinforced concrete cylindrical pier after adding flameproof steel plate are compared, and according to the flameproof property of rubber material, The explosion-proof measures of reinforced concrete cylindrical pier covered with rubber layer to resist underwater explosion load are explored. Through the above research, the action effect and failure mode of reinforced concrete cylindrical pier subjected to underwater load are summarized, and the scheme of adding "anti-impact tile" on the surface of bridge pier is put forward as a reference measure for the substructure of the bridge to resist underwater explosion impact. The results of the study can provide a reference for predicting the deformation and failure mode of pier structure under underwater explosion load, and also provide theoretical basis for anti-explosion design and protection of pier structure, which is of great engineering significance.
【学位授予单位】：武汉理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U443.22
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