城市快速路闭环控制研究

发布时间：2018-08-30 12:53

【摘要】：近年来，我国快速路的发展速度在不断的加快。很多大中城市都根据城市的特点规划了自己的快速路网，城市快速路网的建设在一定程度上缓解了城市道路的交通拥堵。但由于交通需求的迅速增长，很多城市出现了快速路“不快”的现象。本论文以我国城市快速路为主要对象，首先介绍我国城市快速路的两种不同形式，由于我国经济发展的不均衡，快速路的建设主要存在两种形式，一种是实行全封闭、全立交，形成连续交通流的城市快速路；另外一种实行半封闭、存在连续平面交叉口形成间断流的城市快速路。通过对这两种不同的城市快速路的交通特性对比分析，指出两种快速路在交通特性（主要包括交通流量、交通组成、车辆运行速度）上的不同，本文主要以间断流的城市快速路为主要研究对象。其次，提出目前针对间断流城市快速路的主要控制方法为干线绿波协调控制，，而无论是定时控制还是感应控制，都属于控制系统中较低级的开环控制，即：只能根据输入（主要指交通量）来调节信号配时，无法根据输出（主要指延误）来调节信号配时，其最主要的原因是延误无法实时进行检测。然而近年来计算机视频检测技术的推广应用，使实时检测延误成为可能，为将交通控制中的开环控制提升为闭环控制提供了平台和契机。因此，本文提出将自动控制中的闭环控制理论应用到城市快速路的干线绿波控制中，缓解城市快速路“不快”的问题。即利用现代视频技术，检测出车辆运行中经过交叉口的延误，来反馈给信号机，不断的对各个路口进行相位差优化，分时段的计算交通延误值，结合检测到的其他交通数据，利用“爬山法”求得信号控制的最佳方案。最后，通过实例，运用vissim仿真软件进行闭环控制的仿真，通过与开环控制的对比分析，验证闭环控制方法的有效性。通过以上方面的研究，本论文提出了一种适用于存在连续交叉口的城市快速路的一种控制方法，智能交通的运用是解决城市交通问题的有效手段，本研究将以此为基点，进一步将闭环控制理论应用到交通控制中。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the speed of development of expressway in our country is accelerating continuously. Many large and medium-sized cities have planned their own expressway network according to the characteristics of the city, and the construction of urban expressway network has alleviated the traffic congestion of urban roads to a certain extent. However, due to the rapid growth of traffic demand, many cities appear the phenomenon of expressway "unhappy". This paper takes the urban expressway of our country as the main object, first introduces two different forms of the urban expressway of our country. Because of the imbalance of the economic development of our country, there are two main forms of the construction of the expressway, one is to implement the completely closed, the whole interchange. The urban expressway which forms the continuous traffic flow and the urban expressway which is semi-closed and has continuous intersections forms the urban expressway with discontinuous flow. By comparing and analyzing the traffic characteristics of the two different urban expressways, it is pointed out that the traffic characteristics (including traffic flow, traffic composition and vehicle speed) of the two kinds of expressway are different. The main research object of this paper is the urban expressway with discontinuous flow. Secondly, it is put forward that the main control method for the urban expressway with discontinuous flow is the coordinated control of the trunk green wave, and both the timing control and the induction control belong to the lower level open loop control in the control system. That is to say, the signal timing can only be adjusted according to the input (mainly traffic volume), and the signal timing can not be adjusted according to the output (mainly refers to delay). The main reason is that the delay can not be detected in real time. However, the popularization and application of computer video detection technology in recent years make it possible to detect delay in real time, which provides a platform and opportunity for the open loop control in traffic control to be improved to closed loop control. Therefore, in this paper, the closed loop control theory of automatic control is applied to the green wave control of urban expressway to alleviate the problem of "unhappiness" of urban expressway. That is, using the modern video technology to detect the delay of the vehicle passing through the intersection, to feed back to the signal machine, to continuously optimize the phase difference of each intersection, to calculate the traffic delay value in different periods, and to combine the other traffic data detected. The best scheme of signal control is obtained by mountain climbing method. Finally, the closed-loop control is simulated by using vissim simulation software, and the effectiveness of the closed-loop control method is verified by comparing with the open-loop control. Through the above research, this paper puts forward a kind of control method suitable for the urban expressway with continuous intersection. The application of intelligent traffic is an effective means to solve the urban traffic problem, and this research will take this as the basic point. Furthermore, the closed loop control theory is applied to traffic control.
【学位授予单位】：重庆交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U491.54

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