基于HLA的VANET仿真平台构建与性能分析
发布时间：2018-09-04 10:28
【摘要】：近年来车载自组织网络(VANET,Vehicular Ad hoc Network)技术得到快速发展,针对VANET仿真技术的研究受到了越来越多的重视。由于VANET网络仿真同时涉及车辆运动的仿真以及车辆通信的仿真,因此最新的研究倾向于采取对二者联合仿真的方式来构建VANET仿真平台。本文搭建了基于HLA的VANET仿真平台,并利用该仿真平台进行了一系列有关于VANET现存问题改进方法的仿真研究。 首先,论文在总结分析国内外各种VANET仿真平台特点的基础上,构建了基于高层体系结构(HLA,High Level Architecture)的VANET仿真平台。该平台是VANET研究领域内首次使用微观交通仿真软件Paramics和通信仿真软件OPNET以及根据现有代码改编而成的HLA控制台作为仿真成员的仿真平台。相对于目前VANET研究领域内其他仿真平台,基于HLA的VANET仿真平台有着扩展性强等优势。在构建VANET仿真平台的基础上,本文依照国家“863计划”重点项目《智能车路协同关键技术》廊坊试验场地的规格搭建了相应的仿真场景。 然后,论文针对目前VANET网络存在的高时延和高丢包率问题在不同的仿真条件下进行了大量的仿真工作,发现车辆之间路由频繁中断是造成的VANET网络延迟偏高的重要原因,得出在此种情况下基于地理位置的路由协议在VANET网络中的表现优于基于拓扑的路由协议。 最后,论文采用了增加路侧设备(RSU,Road Side Unit)的VANET通信质量改善方案,对不同RSU密度、RSU分布规律下的VANET网络性能进行了大量的仿真及分析工作,结果表明当RSU密度增加到一个阈值,即可以确保车辆节点之间可以建立完全由RSU节点组成的路由的情况下,VANET网络才有着最低的端到端时延与最高的分组送达率,而在此阂值的基础上提高RSU密度将无法起到提升网络性能的作用。论文还对不同的数据包发送间隔、MAC层数据率与车辆速度下的VANET网络性能进行了大量的仿真,得出了能够满足VANET网络QoS要求的数据包发送间隔、MAC层数据率与车辆速度的取值范围。
[Abstract]:In recent years, vehicle Ad Hoc Network (VANET,Vehicular Ad hoc Network) technology has been developed rapidly, and more attention has been paid to the research of VANET simulation technology. Since the simulation of VANET network involves both the simulation of vehicle motion and the simulation of vehicle communication, the latest research tends to construct the VANET simulation platform by combining the two simulation methods. In this paper, the VANET simulation platform based on HLA is built, and a series of simulation research on the existing VANET problem improvement methods is carried out by using the simulation platform. Firstly, on the basis of summarizing and analyzing the characteristics of various VANET simulation platforms at home and abroad, the VANET simulation platform based on high-level architecture (HLA,High Level Architecture) is constructed. This platform is the first simulation platform in the field of VANET which uses microscopic traffic simulation software Paramics and communication simulation software OPNET and HLA console adapted from existing codes as simulation members. Compared with other simulation platforms in the field of VANET at present, the VANET simulation platform based on HLA has the advantages of strong expansibility and so on. On the basis of constructing VANET simulation platform, according to the specification of Langfang test site, the key project of "863 Program", "key Technology of Intelligent vehicle Road Coordination", the corresponding simulation scene is built in this paper. Then, a lot of simulation work has been done under different simulation conditions to solve the problem of high delay and high packet loss in current VANET networks. It is found that frequent routing interruptions between vehicles are the important reasons for the high delay in VANET networks. It is concluded that the performance of geographically based routing protocols in VANET networks is superior to that of topology-based routing protocols in this case. Finally, a scheme of improving the VANET communication quality of RSU,Road Side Unit) is adopted, and a lot of simulation and analysis work on the performance of VANET network with different RSU density is carried out. The results show that when the RSU density increases to a threshold value, That is to say, it can ensure that the routing between the vehicle nodes can be completely composed of RSU nodes, and the VANET network has the lowest end-to-end delay and the highest packet delivery rate. On the basis of this threshold, increasing the density of RSU will not improve the performance of the network. The paper also simulates the data rate of VANET layer and the performance of VANET network under vehicle speed, and obtains the range of data rate and vehicle speed which can meet the requirement of QoS in VANET network.
【学位授予单位】：北京交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U495
本文编号：2221811
[Abstract]:In recent years, vehicle Ad Hoc Network (VANET,Vehicular Ad hoc Network) technology has been developed rapidly, and more attention has been paid to the research of VANET simulation technology. Since the simulation of VANET network involves both the simulation of vehicle motion and the simulation of vehicle communication, the latest research tends to construct the VANET simulation platform by combining the two simulation methods. In this paper, the VANET simulation platform based on HLA is built, and a series of simulation research on the existing VANET problem improvement methods is carried out by using the simulation platform. Firstly, on the basis of summarizing and analyzing the characteristics of various VANET simulation platforms at home and abroad, the VANET simulation platform based on high-level architecture (HLA,High Level Architecture) is constructed. This platform is the first simulation platform in the field of VANET which uses microscopic traffic simulation software Paramics and communication simulation software OPNET and HLA console adapted from existing codes as simulation members. Compared with other simulation platforms in the field of VANET at present, the VANET simulation platform based on HLA has the advantages of strong expansibility and so on. On the basis of constructing VANET simulation platform, according to the specification of Langfang test site, the key project of "863 Program", "key Technology of Intelligent vehicle Road Coordination", the corresponding simulation scene is built in this paper. Then, a lot of simulation work has been done under different simulation conditions to solve the problem of high delay and high packet loss in current VANET networks. It is found that frequent routing interruptions between vehicles are the important reasons for the high delay in VANET networks. It is concluded that the performance of geographically based routing protocols in VANET networks is superior to that of topology-based routing protocols in this case. Finally, a scheme of improving the VANET communication quality of RSU,Road Side Unit) is adopted, and a lot of simulation and analysis work on the performance of VANET network with different RSU density is carried out. The results show that when the RSU density increases to a threshold value, That is to say, it can ensure that the routing between the vehicle nodes can be completely composed of RSU nodes, and the VANET network has the lowest end-to-end delay and the highest packet delivery rate. On the basis of this threshold, increasing the density of RSU will not improve the performance of the network. The paper also simulates the data rate of VANET layer and the performance of VANET network under vehicle speed, and obtains the range of data rate and vehicle speed which can meet the requirement of QoS in VANET network.
【学位授予单位】：北京交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U495
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