快速公交系统绩效评价指标体系研究

发布时间：2018-09-06 06:28

【摘要】：城市交通拥堵的问题是制约城市发展的一大难题，亚当斯定律说明，解决问题的关键不在于拓宽道路，而在于提高运输效率，公交优先应运而生。常规交通运量大但速度慢，地铁运量大、速度快，但是建设周期长、成本高，对比之下，快速公交系统存在明显优势，运量大、速度快、造价低、建设周期短，有效地发挥了缓解城市道路拥堵的作用。快速公交系统是一种准公共产品，其公益性特征决定了快速公交系统的运营不同于一般性企业，需要利用准公共产品绩效评价方法分析问题。目前，国内外对于快速公交绩效评价的研究大多关注线路规划、服务质量等单方面，并未从整体上对快速公交进行评价，忽视了快速公交的公益性特征。同时，，快速公交系统在运营中存在很多缺陷，如运力不足、稳定性差，不同的利益相关者之间存在矛盾。因此，需要关注快速公交系统的公益性特征，利用针对公共产品的绩效评价方法解决快速公交系统的缺陷和利益相关者之间存在的问题。针对这一问题，首先，根据利益相关者理论，研究快速公交系统的企业、员工、乘客、政府等四个利益相关者对快速公交系统绩效的影响。其次，通过实地调研、网上问卷以及调研的方式获取问卷，利用因子分析法筛选指标，构建快速公交绩效评价指标，确定影响快速公交系统绩效的五个层面：乘客满意度、员工、财务、政府以及技术能力。最后，通过专家问卷采用各指标两两对比的方法进行打分，运用层次分析法确定各个指标、各个层面的权重，构建快速公交绩效评价指标体系。基于利益相关者理论构建的快速公交绩效评价指标体系适用于不同城市的快速公交系统，是一套专门针对快速公交系统绩效评价的方法，通过对比打分可以及时发现一个城市快速公交系统存在的优劣势，扬长避短，及时改进问题，促进城市快速公交系统得到更好发展，并为其他尚未建设快速公交系统的城市提供借鉴经验。
[Abstract]:The problem of urban traffic congestion is a difficult problem that restricts the development of city. Adams's law shows that the key to solve the problem is not to widen the road, but to improve the transportation efficiency, and the bus priority arises at the historic moment. The conventional traffic volume is large but slow, the subway volume is large, the speed is fast, but the construction period is long and the cost is high. In contrast, the bus rapid transit system has obvious advantages, such as large volume, fast speed, low cost and short construction period. Effectively played the role of alleviating urban road congestion. Bus rapid transit system (BRT) is a kind of quasi-public goods. Its commonweal character determines that the operation of BRT is different from that of general enterprises, so it is necessary to use the performance evaluation method of quasi-public products to analyze the problems. At present, most researches on BRT performance evaluation focus on route planning, service quality and so on, and do not evaluate BRT as a whole, ignoring the public welfare characteristics of BRT. At the same time, there are many defects in the operation of bus rapid transit system, such as insufficient transportation capacity, poor stability and contradictions among different stakeholders. Therefore, we need to pay attention to the public welfare characteristics of bus rapid transit system, and use the performance evaluation method for public goods to solve the shortcomings of bus rapid transit system and the problems among stakeholders. To solve this problem, first of all, according to stakeholder theory, the paper studies the impact of four stakeholders on the performance of BRT system: enterprise, employee, passenger and government. Secondly, through field research, online questionnaires and research methods to obtain questionnaires, using factor analysis to screen indicators, build BRT performance evaluation indicators, determine the impact of bus rapid transit system performance in five levels: passenger satisfaction. Employee, financial, government and technical skills. Finally, the expert questionnaire uses the method of comparison of each index to score, uses the analytic hierarchy process to determine each index, the weight of each level, and constructs the performance evaluation index system of bus rapid transit. The BRT performance evaluation index system based on stakeholder theory is suitable for the BRT system in different cities. It is a special method for BRT performance evaluation. By comparing and scoring, we can find out in time the advantages and disadvantages of a city's bus rapid transit system, take advantage of its advantages and avoid its disadvantages, improve the problems in time, and promote the better development of the urban bus rapid transit system. It also provides reference experience for other cities that have not built bus rapid transit system.
【学位授予单位】：江南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U491.17

【参考文献】