中小城市大型活动临时停车场规划研究

发布时间：2018-09-12 09:45

【摘要】：近年来一些中小城市举办大型活动的次数不断增多,活动短时间内急剧产生的出行需求和汇聚的交通流给场馆周边的交通基础设施带来了巨大压力。临时停车场作为服务于大型活动的交通设施的重要组成部分,其规划方案的优劣直接影响到活动期间城市交通和生活的正常进行。首先,本文详细界定了中小城市的规模,选取开始结束时间固定、场所固定的大型活动作为本文研究对象,分别从停车需求特性、交通流特性及停车特性三方面深入分析,为制定高效合理的临时停车场规划方案提供了指导依据。其次,分析对比大城市的成熟案例,从交通管制区域划分及管理,停车换乘,停车信息发布三方面,系统地提出中小城市的交通组织管理措施。通过综合考虑步行允许值和巡泊交通流对关键节点的影响确定停车场分布的基本范围；提出“观光车为主体,多种换乘方式作补充”的换乘理念；采用多重形式加强停车信息的发布。最后,从需求和供给入手,考虑出行者的路径选择行为,结合有关设施选址理论,建立了多目标约束型大型活动临时停车场选址模型。该模型以停车者换乘费用和换乘设施总费用最小为目标,通过定义权重系数可以简化为单目标函数。针对模型的复杂非线性,给出了蚁群优化算法求解方法,并以中国(寿光)国际蔬菜科技博览会为例,进行了模型实例应用和验证,为中小城市大型活动临时停车场的规划提供了实际案例指导。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the number of large-scale activities has been increasing in some small and medium-sized cities. The demand for travel and the converging traffic flow have brought great pressure to the traffic infrastructure around the venues in a short period of time. As an important part of traffic facilities serving for large-scale activities, the temporary parking lot has a direct impact on the normal urban traffic and life during the activities. First of all, this paper defines the scale of small and medium-sized cities in detail, selects large-scale activities with fixed start and end time and fixed location as the research object, and analyzes the parking demand characteristics, traffic flow characteristics and parking characteristics in depth, respectively, from three aspects: parking demand characteristics, traffic flow characteristics and parking characteristics. It provides the guidance for the establishment of efficient and reasonable temporary parking planning scheme. Secondly, this paper analyzes and compares the mature cases of big cities, and puts forward the traffic organization and management measures of small and medium-sized cities systematically from three aspects: division and management of traffic control areas, parking transfer and parking information release. The basic range of parking lot distribution is determined by considering the influence of walking allowable value and patrol traffic flow on the key nodes, and the transfer concept of "sightseeing vehicle as the main body, supplemented by various transfer modes" is put forward. Use multiple forms to strengthen the release of parking information. Finally, starting with the demand and supply, considering the path choice behavior of the travelers, combined with the related facility location theory, a multi-objective constrained large-scale temporary parking site model is established. The model aims at minimizing the transfer cost and the total cost of the transfer facility, and the weight coefficient can be reduced to a single objective function by defining the weight coefficient. In view of the complex nonlinearity of the model, an ant colony optimization algorithm is presented, and the application and verification of the model are carried out by taking the China (Shouguang) International vegetable Science and Technology Fair as an example. It provides practical case guidance for the planning of temporary parking lots for large scale activities in medium and small cities.
【学位授予单位】：北京交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U491.71

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