基于路网容量的城市中心区停车场合理规模研究

发布时间：2018-10-10 14:42

【摘要】：随着城市经济的快速增长,人民越来越依赖车辆出行,不仅导致城市机动车数量的增加,而且也促使人民出行次数的增长,给城市道路交通系统带来了困难,也导致城市的停车问题成为不得不面临的难题。特别是城市中心区,土地资源短缺,更加加速了车辆增长和停车供用的矛盾。随着人民对城市交通系统和停车规划的认识增加,越来越关注城市道路网的路网容量对区域停车规模的影响。鉴于此,本文以城市中心区的停车合理规模作为研究对象,分析路网容量对城市中心区停车合理规模影响,展开基于路网容量的区域停车场合理规模研究。首先,本文通过城市中心区和路网容量的理论分析,城市中心区的路网容量重新定义。并针对城市中心区路网容量的特点,分析了中心区路网容量的影响因素,新增占道停车对路网容量的影响,在时空消耗法的基础上,建立了路网容量的计算模型,提高了路网容量的计算精度。接着,分析城市中心区停车场分类、停车需求的定义和行为特征,总结城市中心区的停车需求特征,并详细分析停车特性指标。在此基础上,分析停车需求的影响因素,重点分析路网容量影响中心区停车场规模的作用机理。然后,在分析各类停车需求预测模型基础上,用分类处理的方法预测城市中心区的停车规模。通过小汽车增长率和经济增长率的加权处理,得出专用停车场预测的平均增长率,采用平均增长率法预测城市中心区的专用停车场规模。选用基于OD出行的交通量模型作为预测公共停车场规模的基础模型,在穿越交通影响因子的约束下,新增路网容量影响因子建立公共停车场停车需求预测模型,并采用高峰小时的停车平均增长率和年第30位停车需求量与年平均停车需求量的比值来修正。分析路内停车场的主要影响因素,选用历年路内停车泊位的平均增长率预测城市中心区的路内停车场规模。通过上面三者的结合,最终创建基于路网容量的城市中心区停车合理规模模型。接着,通过分析建立评价指标的原则,以及现有停车场规划的评价指标,采用系统工程的相关原理与方法,建立针对预测结果的评价指标体系,运用模糊数学理论、对比分析和层次分析法,建立停车预测结果准确度层次结构模型,来评价预测结果。最后,以重庆观音桥商圈为案例进行实例证明,分析观音桥商圈的停车问题,运用基于路网容量的城市中心区停车合理规模模型进行预测,验证模型的准确度,为以后的停车规模预测提供更好的依据。
[Abstract]:With the rapid growth of urban economy, people rely more and more on vehicle travel, which not only leads to the increase of the number of urban motor vehicles, but also promotes the increase of people's travel times, which brings difficulties to the urban road traffic system. Also causes the city parking question to become the difficult problem which has to face. Especially in the urban center, the shortage of land resources accelerates the growth of vehicles and parking. With the increasing awareness of urban traffic system and parking planning, more and more attention has been paid to the influence of the network capacity of urban road network on regional parking scale. In view of this, this paper takes the reasonable parking scale of the central district as the research object, analyzes the influence of the road network capacity on the reasonable parking scale of the urban center area, and carries out the research on the reasonable scale of the regional parking lot based on the network capacity. Firstly, the paper redefines the network capacity of urban center area by theoretical analysis of urban center area and road network capacity. According to the characteristics of the network capacity in the central district, the influence factors of the network capacity in the central area and the influence of the new parking on the capacity of the road network are analyzed. The calculation model of the network capacity is established on the basis of the space-time consumption method. The calculation accuracy of network capacity is improved. Then, it analyzes the classification of parking area, the definition and behavior characteristics of parking demand, summarizes the characteristics of parking demand in urban center area, and analyzes the parking characteristic index in detail. On this basis, the influencing factors of parking demand are analyzed, and the mechanism of the influence of road network capacity on the parking lot scale in central area is analyzed. Then, on the basis of analyzing all kinds of parking demand forecasting models, the parking scale of urban center district is predicted by the method of classification. Through the weighted processing of car growth rate and economic growth rate, the average growth rate of special parking lot is obtained, and the average growth rate method is used to predict the scale of special parking lot in urban center area. The traffic volume model based on OD is selected as the basic model to predict the scale of public parking lot. Under the constraint of traversing traffic influence factors, the forecast model of parking demand of public parking lot is established by adding the influence factor of road network capacity. The average growth rate of the peak hour parking and the ratio of the 30th place parking demand to the annual average parking demand are used to modify the model. Based on the analysis of the main influencing factors of the on-street parking lot, the average growth rate of the on-street parking spaces over the years is used to predict the in-road parking lot size in the central district of the city. Finally, a reasonable parking scale model based on network capacity is established. Then, by analyzing the principle of establishing evaluation index and the evaluation index of existing parking lot planning, adopting the relevant principles and methods of system engineering, the evaluation index system for the forecast result is established, and the fuzzy mathematics theory is used. Comparative analysis and analytic hierarchy process (AHP) are used to establish a hierarchy model of parking prediction accuracy to evaluate the prediction results. Finally, taking Chongqing Guanyinqiao commercial district as an example, the paper analyzes the parking problem of Guanyinqiao commercial district, and uses the reasonable parking scale model based on network capacity to predict and verify the accuracy of the model. It provides a better basis for the prediction of parking scale in the future.
【学位授予单位】：重庆交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U491.7

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