纯电动汽车充电站选址布局研究
发布时间：2018-11-10 20:55
【摘要】：面对日益严峻的环境问题和能源问题,高效节能污染少的新能源以及新能源产品亟待推广。汽车作为人们日常生活中必不可少的交通工具,既消耗大量石油又对环境产生严重污染,急需改革。电动汽车具有“零排放”、低噪音和能源高利用率等各种优点,是解决环境问题和能源问题的重要方式。然而,要想推动电动汽车的发展,就必须完善支撑电动汽车发展的基础设施。其中最为重要的就是充电站的建设,完成充电站的建设首当其冲就是完成充电站的选址。针对充电站的选址问题,本文展开了一系列的研究。首先,通过阅读大量国内外相关文献,对充电站选址特点和相关选址理论有了深入的理解。对影响电动汽车选址的因素进行分析,建立了电动汽车选址评价指标体系和模型,运用模糊层次分析法对候选点进行了初选；其次,在此基础上建立了基于成本最低的双目标模型,上层目标函数以建设方建设成本和运营管理成本最低为目标,下层目标函数以充电用户充电路上行驶时间成本和充电等待时间成本最低为目标。本文在建模时考虑三个变量,第一,以充电站内充电机数为变量的建站成本函数；第二,考虑路网中各充电需求点到充电站候选点的最短距离这一变量：第三,以充电机数为变量的排队等待时间期望函数。针对本文建立的模型,运用遗传算法进行求解；最后,以临沂市电动汽车充电站的选址为实例,对本文的模型和算法进行了验证,用实践证明了模型和算法的正确性。本文通过分析电动汽车充电站选址的特点分析,最终确定了一种充电站选址方法并进行了模型求解,具有一定的实际意义和价值。
[Abstract]:In the face of increasingly severe environmental and energy problems, new energy sources and new energy products with high efficiency, energy saving and less pollution need to be popularized. As an indispensable vehicle in people's daily life, automobile not only consumes a lot of oil but also causes serious pollution to the environment, so it is in urgent need of reform. Electric vehicle (EV) has the advantages of zero emission, low noise and high energy efficiency. It is an important way to solve environmental and energy problems. However, to promote the development of electric vehicles, we must improve the infrastructure to support the development of electric vehicles. One of the most important is the construction of charging stations, the first is to complete the location of charging stations. Aiming at the problem of charging station location, a series of researches are carried out in this paper. First of all, by reading a large number of domestic and foreign literature, the characteristics of charging station location and related location theory have a deep understanding. Based on the analysis of the factors affecting the location selection of electric vehicles, the evaluation index system and model of the location selection of electric vehicles are established, and the candidate points are selected by using fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (AHP). Secondly, a two-objective model based on the lowest cost is established. The upper objective function aims at the lowest construction cost and the lowest operating management cost. The lower objective function aims at the lowest cost of driving time and charge waiting time on the charging path. In this paper, three variables are considered in the modeling. Firstly, the cost function of building the station is based on the number of charging machines in the charging station. Second, the shortest distance between charging demand points and charging candidate points in the network is considered. Thirdly, the queue waiting time expectation function with the number of charging machines as the variable is considered. Finally, taking the location of charging station of Linyi electric vehicle as an example, the model and algorithm of this paper are verified, and the correctness of the model and algorithm is proved by practice. Based on the analysis of the characteristics of charging station location for electric vehicles, a charging station location method is finally determined and the model is solved, which has certain practical significance and value.
【学位授予单位】：长沙理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U491.8
，
本文编号：2323592
[Abstract]:In the face of increasingly severe environmental and energy problems, new energy sources and new energy products with high efficiency, energy saving and less pollution need to be popularized. As an indispensable vehicle in people's daily life, automobile not only consumes a lot of oil but also causes serious pollution to the environment, so it is in urgent need of reform. Electric vehicle (EV) has the advantages of zero emission, low noise and high energy efficiency. It is an important way to solve environmental and energy problems. However, to promote the development of electric vehicles, we must improve the infrastructure to support the development of electric vehicles. One of the most important is the construction of charging stations, the first is to complete the location of charging stations. Aiming at the problem of charging station location, a series of researches are carried out in this paper. First of all, by reading a large number of domestic and foreign literature, the characteristics of charging station location and related location theory have a deep understanding. Based on the analysis of the factors affecting the location selection of electric vehicles, the evaluation index system and model of the location selection of electric vehicles are established, and the candidate points are selected by using fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (AHP). Secondly, a two-objective model based on the lowest cost is established. The upper objective function aims at the lowest construction cost and the lowest operating management cost. The lower objective function aims at the lowest cost of driving time and charge waiting time on the charging path. In this paper, three variables are considered in the modeling. Firstly, the cost function of building the station is based on the number of charging machines in the charging station. Second, the shortest distance between charging demand points and charging candidate points in the network is considered. Thirdly, the queue waiting time expectation function with the number of charging machines as the variable is considered. Finally, taking the location of charging station of Linyi electric vehicle as an example, the model and algorithm of this paper are verified, and the correctness of the model and algorithm is proved by practice. Based on the analysis of the characteristics of charging station location for electric vehicles, a charging station location method is finally determined and the model is solved, which has certain practical significance and value.
【学位授予单位】：长沙理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U491.8
，
本文编号：2323592
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