基于激光扫描的船舶干舷测量方法研究
发布时间：2018-11-13 13:37
【摘要】：中国是一个水运大国,内河航道纵横交错,通江达海,水路交通十分发达。近几年来,受国内经济转型、生产调整的影响,内河船舶运输超载现象有大幅反弹的趋势,给水上运输安全带来了严重的危害。海事部门以船舶干舷值作为衡量船舶是否超载的主要标准,因此船舶干舷值的测量及计算成为备受关注的研究热点。本文提出了基于激光扫描的船舶干舷测量方案,具体研究内容如下:船舶干舷值定义为船舶甲板到水面的距离,为求得更精确的干舷值,本文首先提出了基于Hough变换和均值漂移的船舶干舷值测量算法。此算法首先利用分析水面模型的方法来分离水面数据和船舶数据,然后分别计算水面的高度和船舶甲板的高度,在计算船舶甲板高度的部分,用到了Hough变换和区域增长的方法提取出甲板数据,并用均值漂移的方法计算船舶的甲板高度,最终获得船舶的干舷值。在上述算法的基础上,采用双传感器进一步进行数据结合,并优化处理。本部分采用了基于Bayes分类的双传感器决策算法对数据进行优化处理,首先分析并提取出船舶的数据特征,然后再利用这些特征和Bayes算法来选择哪一个传感器测量的结果更接近于真实值。本文涉及的船舶超载、超吃水自动检测系统,已经正式在长江流域岳阳分段运行。该系统综合了传感器数据采集、视频检测、船舶干舷值测量三大主要模块,实时将数据存储后台数据库以便检测。经验证,该系统能够实时、可靠、稳定的运行。目前该系统每天平均检测船舶120余艘,平均检测误差7 cm,满足用户对检测系统的要求,且系统运行稳定可靠。这不仅有助于海事部门对船舶航行安全进行管理,也有效遏制了船舶违法违规行为的发生。
[Abstract]:China is a large water transport country, inland waterways crisscross, the river reaches the sea, waterway traffic is very developed. In recent years, under the influence of domestic economic transformation and production adjustment, the phenomenon of inland river ship overloading has rebounded sharply, which has brought serious harm to the safety of water transportation. The ship freeboard value is regarded as the main criterion to measure whether the ship is overloaded or not, so the measurement and calculation of the ship freeboard value has become a hot research topic. In this paper, a ship freeboard measurement scheme based on laser scanning is proposed. The detailed research contents are as follows: the ship freeboard value is defined as the distance between the ship deck and the water surface, in order to obtain more accurate freeboard value, In this paper, a ship freeboard value measurement algorithm based on Hough transform and mean shift is proposed. The algorithm firstly uses the method of analyzing the water surface model to separate the surface data from the ship data, then calculates the height of the water surface and the height of the ship deck, respectively, in the part of calculating the height of the ship deck. The Hough transform and region growth are used to extract the deck data, and the mean shift method is used to calculate the ship's deck height. Finally, the freeboard value of the ship is obtained. On the basis of the above algorithm, two sensors are used to combine the data and optimize the processing. In this part, two sensor decision algorithms based on Bayes classification are used to optimize the data processing. Firstly, the data features of ships are analyzed and extracted. Then we use these features and Bayes algorithm to select which sensor measurement results are closer to the real value. The ship overload and overdraft automatic detection system involved in this paper has been officially operated in Yueyang section of the Yangtze River basin. The system integrates three main modules: sensor data acquisition, video detection, and ship freeboard value measurement. The data are stored in the background database in real time for detection. It is proved that the system can run in real time, reliable and stable. At present, the system detects more than 120 ships every day, and the average detection error is 7 cm, to meet the requirements of users, and the system runs stably and reliably. This not only helps the maritime department to manage the safety of ship navigation, but also effectively restrains the occurrence of illegal activities.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U693.4;TN249
本文编号：2329273
[Abstract]:China is a large water transport country, inland waterways crisscross, the river reaches the sea, waterway traffic is very developed. In recent years, under the influence of domestic economic transformation and production adjustment, the phenomenon of inland river ship overloading has rebounded sharply, which has brought serious harm to the safety of water transportation. The ship freeboard value is regarded as the main criterion to measure whether the ship is overloaded or not, so the measurement and calculation of the ship freeboard value has become a hot research topic. In this paper, a ship freeboard measurement scheme based on laser scanning is proposed. The detailed research contents are as follows: the ship freeboard value is defined as the distance between the ship deck and the water surface, in order to obtain more accurate freeboard value, In this paper, a ship freeboard value measurement algorithm based on Hough transform and mean shift is proposed. The algorithm firstly uses the method of analyzing the water surface model to separate the surface data from the ship data, then calculates the height of the water surface and the height of the ship deck, respectively, in the part of calculating the height of the ship deck. The Hough transform and region growth are used to extract the deck data, and the mean shift method is used to calculate the ship's deck height. Finally, the freeboard value of the ship is obtained. On the basis of the above algorithm, two sensors are used to combine the data and optimize the processing. In this part, two sensor decision algorithms based on Bayes classification are used to optimize the data processing. Firstly, the data features of ships are analyzed and extracted. Then we use these features and Bayes algorithm to select which sensor measurement results are closer to the real value. The ship overload and overdraft automatic detection system involved in this paper has been officially operated in Yueyang section of the Yangtze River basin. The system integrates three main modules: sensor data acquisition, video detection, and ship freeboard value measurement. The data are stored in the background database in real time for detection. It is proved that the system can run in real time, reliable and stable. At present, the system detects more than 120 ships every day, and the average detection error is 7 cm, to meet the requirements of users, and the system runs stably and reliably. This not only helps the maritime department to manage the safety of ship navigation, but also effectively restrains the occurrence of illegal activities.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U693.4;TN249
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