基于RFID和Zigbee技术的智能泊车管理系统研究

发布时间：2018-12-30 20:20

【摘要】：随着经济的发展,人们生活水平的提高,私家车作为必不可少的交通工具呈现出猛烈的增长趋势,由此带来的交通问题也越来越严重,加上目前的泊车管理技术普遍还不高,泊车管理难的问题也日益凸显。因此为了改善停车场的管理,提高泊车效率,研究智能泊车系统具有重要意义。本文针对泊车管理系统中的门禁识别和车位监控等问题提出了一个智能泊车管理系统的设计方案,该方案综合利用了物联网无线传感器技术(RFID和Zigbee)、车牌识别技术和嵌入式跨平台界面开发技术等。具体方法是：首先,搭建一个硬件开发环境,包括UHF RFID双通道读卡模块、摄像头模块、闸机模块、车位模块和主控制器模块。其次,设计UHF RFID读卡器与主控制器(Intel PXA270)的程序接口,实现车辆自动识别和收费；然后是基于MATLAB设计车牌识别程序,其中字符识别部分利用极限学习机(ELM)-单隐层前馈神经网络进行车牌训练和识别；再然后利用Zigbee无线传感器技术检测车位和控制闸机,通过Zigbee节点的配置,使Zigbee协调器连接至主控制器进行信息的采集和汇总,Zigbee路由节点分别外接车位传感器和闸机进行车位检测和闸机控制；最后搭建嵌入式交叉编译环境,在PC机和嵌入式处理器PXA270之间进行跨平台Qt界面开发。该系统利用物联网技术成功实现把射频卡信息、车位信息传递给主控制器；而且基于极限学习机的车牌识别具有训练简单、识别速度快、准确率高等优点；主控制器上设计的监控系统能够显示门禁用户信息、出入时间、车牌号码、缴费情况、闸机控制情况、车位占用状况等。该系统具有造价低、效率高、安全性好等优点,而且物联网的快速发展使其具有很好的发展前景。
[Abstract]:With the development of economy and the improvement of people's living standard, private cars, as an indispensable means of transportation, have shown a fierce growth trend, and the traffic problems caused by them are becoming more and more serious, and the current parking management technology is generally not high. The problem of difficult parking management is also increasingly prominent. In order to improve parking management and parking efficiency, it is important to study intelligent parking system. In this paper, a design scheme of intelligent parking management system is put forward, which combines the wireless sensor technology (RFID and Zigbee),) of the Internet of things, aiming at the problems of door guard identification and parking space monitoring in parking management system. License plate recognition technology and embedded cross-platform interface development technology. The specific methods are as follows: first, build a hardware development environment, including UHF RFID dual-channel card reading module, camera module, gate module, parking module and main controller module. Secondly, the program interface between the UHF RFID card reader and the main controller (Intel PXA270) is designed to realize the automatic identification and charging of the vehicle. Secondly, the license plate recognition program is designed based on MATLAB, in which the character recognition part uses the extreme learning machine (ELM)-single hidden layer feedforward neural network to train and recognize the license plate. Then using Zigbee wireless sensor technology to detect parking space and control gate, through the configuration of Zigbee nodes, the Zigbee coordinator is connected to the main controller to collect and aggregate the information. The Zigbee routing node is connected with the parking space sensor and the gate respectively to detect the parking space and control the gate. Finally, an embedded cross-compiling environment is built, and the cross-platform Qt interface is developed between the PC machine and the embedded processor PXA270. The system uses the technology of Internet of things to transfer the information of RF card and parking space to the main controller, and the license plate recognition based on LLM has the advantages of simple training, fast recognition speed, high accuracy and so on. The monitoring system designed on the main controller can display the information of the entrance and exit users, the access time, the license plate number, the payment of fees, the control of the gate, the occupation of the parking space, and so on. The system has the advantages of low cost, high efficiency and good security, and the rapid development of the Internet of things makes it has a good development prospects.
【学位授予单位】：广西大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TP315;U491.7;U495

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