蓄盐材料制备及其除冰融雪研究

发布时间：2019-01-08 12:07

【摘要】：随着时代的进步，汽车保有量的增加。人们对于公路交通运输通行能力的要求也在不断的提高。然而在寒冷的冬季，由于路表积雪、结冰等因素，使得行驶在冰雪道路上的机动车发生交通事故的概率提高至正常天气状态下的2倍，据不完全统计，冬季约15%～30%的交通事故都与路表积雪有关。因此，一种蓄盐集料沥青混合料自融雪路面设计在此被提出并予以验证。对于菱镁水泥，有碳化和水化两种相变过程。配比合适的制品长期暴露于空气环境时，随着相变进程的持续，会有MgCl2的形成并析出，当在水环境作用下时会电离析出。对于MgCl2使用量偏少的配比，则会在制品表面形成Mg(OH)2沉淀，俗称“返霜”现象；对于MgCl2使用量偏多的配比，过量的MgCl2会吸收空气中的水分，从而在表面形成水滴，俗称“返卤”现象。对于不同情形析出的MgCl2与Mg(OH)2在水环境作用时都会形成稀溶液，并遵循依数性定理，这些都能够被除冰融雪所运用。本文运用菱镁水泥为载体，在其中分别掺加氯盐及有机盐并按照不同成型工艺进行菱镁制品制作成型，成型制品经养护破碎后参照集料的路用性能进行蓄盐集料的实验。实验得到静压法制得的少于20%氯盐掺加量的蓄盐集料能够满足集料的路用性能。运用击实法实验得到本实验AC-13C混合料的最佳油石比为4.8%，鉴于前人研究结果，盐分的掺入对油石比的影响很小，基本保持在0.1%左右这一规律，本实验采用4.8%的油石比作为蓄盐集料混合料的最佳油石比，并进行后续实验。通过盐分析出实验和电导率实验，在理论上确认了蓄盐集料混合料具有融雪性能，并在室内实验中获得了验证。在环境箱中进行除冰实验时，除冰性能显现得并不明显，但实际路用除冰性能当考虑行车荷载的作用条件。限于技术条件限制，，期待后续学者验证完善。
[Abstract]:With the progress of the times, car ownership has increased. People's demand for highway transportation capacity is also increasing. However, in the cold winter, due to snow on the road surface, ice and other factors, the probability of traffic accidents of motor vehicles travelling on icy roads is increased to twice that under normal weather conditions. According to incomplete statistics, About 15% of traffic accidents in winter are related to snow on the road surface. Therefore, a salt-storing aggregate asphalt mixture self-melting snow pavement design is proposed and verified. For magnesite cement, there are two kinds of phase transition processes: carbonation and hydration. When the product with suitable proportion is exposed to air environment for a long time, with the continuation of phase transition process, MgCl2 will be formed and precipitated, and ionized precipitation will occur when the product is exposed to water environment for a long time. For the proportion of less MgCl2, the surface of the product will form Mg (OH) _ 2 precipitation, commonly known as "defrosting" phenomenon; For the proportion of excessive MgCl2 usage, excessive MgCl2 will absorb water in the air, thus forming water droplets on the surface, commonly known as "halogen" phenomenon. For MgCl2 and Mg (OH) 2 precipitated under different conditions, dilute solutions are formed when they interact in water environment, and these can be used in deicing, melting and snowing. In this paper, magnesium magnesite cement is used as carrier, in which chlorine salt and organic salt are added respectively, and different forming processes are used to make magnesium magnesite product. After curing and crushing, the salt storage aggregate is tested according to the road performance of aggregate. The experimental results show that the salt storage aggregate with less than 20% chlorine salt added by hydrostatic pressure method can meet the road performance of the aggregate. The results of compaction experiment show that the optimum ratio of AC-13C mixture is 4.8. In view of the previous research results, the effect of salt on the ratio of oil to stone is very small, and the rule is kept at about 0.1%. In this experiment, the oil stone ratio of 4.8% is used as the best oil stone ratio of salt storage aggregate mixture, and the follow-up experiment is carried out. Through salt analysis experiment and electrical conductivity experiment, it is confirmed theoretically that salt storage aggregate mixture has snowmelt performance, and it is verified in laboratory experiment. The deicing performance is not obvious when the deicing experiment is carried out in the environment box, but the actual road deicing performance is considered when the driving load is taken into account. Limited to technical conditions, expect follow-up scholars to verify and perfect.
【学位授予单位】：长安大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U414

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