基于PLC和变频器的港口门座起重机控制系统研究

发布时间：2019-01-22 18:25

【摘要】：门座起重机是港口主要的装卸设备之一。随着工业生产规模的扩大,物资交流的频繁,门座起重机的运货量越来越大,结构越来越大型化、复杂化。使得港口对门座起重机的控制准确度和安全性提出了更高的要求,对作业过程中门座起重机的反应速度、平稳性以及可靠性的要求也大大提高。 PLC集合自动控制技术、计算机技术、通讯技术等多种技术发展而来,具有体积小、功能丰富强大、可靠性高、可适应恶劣工作环境等优点,适用于各种工业控制场合。使用变频器进行调速可以使起重机获得更广的调速范围,具备良好的低速就位性能,提高电动机的运行效率,提高运行的稳定性和可靠性。为满足门座起重机当前的作业要求和港口未来发展的需求,论文研究通过PLC控制技术和变频器控制技术相结合的方式设计门座起重机的控制系统。首先,研究了门座起重机起升、变幅、旋转、行走四大机构的结构及其运行原理,讨论了门座起重机的技术参数。其次,分析了四大机构的控制要素,讨论了主要的控制对象,分析并提出了门座起重机控制系统的整体设计方案。然后,以欧姆龙PLC为核心,结合变频器、现场总线技术等搭建了控制系统的硬件平台。最后,在硬件平台基础上,使用软件CX-Programmer进行控制系统程序的设计,并给出了起升机构和行走机构程序的流程图及具体的程序分析,并对如何提高控制系统的可靠性作了研究和分析。但由于实际项目尚未实施,因此对论文的研究未做具体实现。
[Abstract]:Gantry crane is one of the main loading and unloading equipment in port. With the expansion of industrial production and the frequent exchange of goods and materials, the volume of gantry cranes is increasing, and the structure is becoming larger and more complicated. The control accuracy and safety of portal crane are higher than those of port, and the response speed, stability and reliability of portal crane are greatly improved. PLC has been developed from many technologies, such as automatic control technology, computer technology, communication technology and so on. It has the advantages of small volume, rich function, high reliability, and can adapt to bad working environment, etc. It is suitable for various industrial control situations. Using frequency converter to adjust speed can make the crane obtain wider speed range, have good low speed position performance, improve the running efficiency of motor, and improve the stability and reliability of operation. In order to meet the requirements of the gantry crane and the future development of the port, the paper studies the design of the gantry crane control system through the combination of PLC control technology and inverter control technology. Firstly, the structure and operation principle of hoisting, changing amplitude, rotating and walking mechanism of gantry crane are studied, and the technical parameters of portal crane are discussed. Secondly, the control elements of the four mechanisms are analyzed, the main control objects are discussed, and the overall design scheme of the gantry crane control system is analyzed and put forward. Then, the hardware platform of the control system is built with OMRON PLC as the core, frequency converter and fieldbus technology. Finally, on the basis of hardware platform, the software CX-Programmer is used to design the control system program, and the flow chart of lifting mechanism and walking mechanism program and the concrete program analysis are given. And how to improve the reliability of the control system is studied and analyzed. But because the actual project has not been implemented, the research on the paper has not been realized.
【学位授予单位】：南京理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U653.921

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