武汉市城市公共交通发展模式研究

发布时间：2019-05-20 09:55

【摘要】：对于现代化大城市，公共交通成为这座城市的关键性组成部分已广泛达成共识。公共交通为城市的正常生产、生活运转提供保障，对城市经济、社会事业的发展起着基础和促进作用。在经济高速发展的大背景下，武汉正面临着城市化、机动化、市场化的挑战，有限的城市道路资源与不断增长的交通出行需求之间的矛盾，成为城市发展过程中面临的主要问题。非公共交通车辆的迅猛增长，让武汉这座城市硬件基础设施不堪重负。在城市决策者和学者的共同努力下，这座城市的近期及远景规划已经出台，随之而来的是全城范围的基础设施建设。城市精英们跃跃欲试解决城市交通问题，却为这座城市带来了更痛苦的交通拥堵。这成为武汉目前公共交通发展面临的重要问题。本文采取正负相关案例进行引证，，最终分析得出武汉市公共交通发展模式的优化方案。横向对比全球发达国家公共交通发展相对成熟的大城市，都是因地制宜，各个城市背景现状各不相同。首先选取了美国CC市的案例进行论证，该市自身情况是地多人少，公共交通设施面临运行困难，未解决困局，当局大力改造公共交通。目的是吸引更多居民出行选择公共交通方式。该案例作为负相关案例进行论证分析，目的是找出武汉与之相反的实际情况，进行反思。其次，选取东京、台北和香港三个案例进行分析。此三个城市处在不同发展阶段。但是与武汉具有相对应的适应性。这些城市都是处于区域中心城市，人口聚集性强，人多地少，交通问题都是城市在进程转型时期的重要难题。并且前几个城市都是发展轨道交通为主要公共交通方式，以其他作为辅助补充的综合性公共交通发展模式。与武汉目前发展阶段具有一定的适应性。几个案例将是武汉近期和远期发展发展阶段所必然经历的阶段。通过对国内外相关案例的学习和分析，充分认识武汉自身实际情况，对武汉公共交通发展模式的现阶段和未来发展方向进行综合性评价，给以适当的建议。避免武汉在城市发展进程中，走向城市发展的误区。因此，武汉在学习借鉴国内外城市公共交通发展模式的过程中，应当有所取舍。在对各个案例分析基础上，结合武汉自身公共交通发展现状以及未来发展方向，对武汉市公共交通发展模式的确定提供实际案例借鉴。分析武汉交通发展的现状和问题，主要集中在以下方面：常规公交运营线路分布缺乏合理性，分担客流与居民出行需求不匹配；城市道路网络不合理，不能为公共交通运行提供硬件支持；过江交通压力过大，主城区交通拥堵现象严重；在建工地繁多，道路通行能力严重受限；城市公共交通换乘枢纽设施规划建设落后，同时存在换乘设施建设不合理现象；管理方式粗放，通勤效率不高，加重资源浪费和环境污染。在以上分析的基础上，针对武汉公共交通发展存在的一系列问题，从当前实际情况出发，分别从政策法规、规划建设和公众参与等不同层面提出相关的对策和措施。政策法规方面对公共交通倾斜，同归财税、补贴等手段引导公共交通发展；同时限制非公共交通车辆的增长速度，主要是限制私家车、公车和特权车辆。规划建设层面，继续推进轨道交通建设，尽快使在建轨道交通工程项目建成通车，加快发展快速公交系统，并形成网络达成有效运力；优化公交路线，统筹规划公共交通系统，达到交通出行与公共交通网络相匹配；优化公交站点分布，实现交通无缝接驳。确保公交优先通行，提高公交运营效率。在主要路段和人流集散地给予公共交通车辆优先通过权，减少公交车瘦方面干扰造成拥堵，保证其运营速度，提高通勤效率。通过公交信息系统能够准确掌握公交的运行分布、出行特征和需求数量，为公交优先的战略实施提供有力的实践依据，为相关法规措施的制定提供权威的技术支持，更好地为规划研究、政府决策、行业管理和公众服务等方面提供明确的科学向导。结合武汉交通实际，扩展系统规模，完善系统总体功能。依托交通信息系统为实际问题提供解决方案，进一步对城市交通运行、城市发展做出贡献。最后，公共交通具有很强社会属性，需要加强公众参与。在前期规划设计阶段需要充分征求公众意见，为后期工程实施提供更有效依据，是公公出交通更高效服务公众。
[Abstract]:Public transport has become a key component of the city for modern big cities. The public transport provides the guarantee for the normal production and the living operation of the city, and plays an important role in the development of the city economy and the social cause. Under the great background of high-speed economic development, Wuhan is facing the challenge of urbanization, motorization, market-oriented, and the contradiction between the limited urban road resources and the growing demand of transportation, and becomes the main problem in the process of urban development. The rapid growth of non-public transport vehicles has overburdened the city's hardware infrastructure. With the joint efforts of city decision makers and scholars, the city's near-term and far-reaching plans have been in place, followed by a city-wide infrastructure construction. The city's elite are eager to try to solve the city's urban traffic problems, but have brought a more painful traffic jam to the city. This is an important issue for the development of public transport in Wuhan. In this paper, the positive and negative correlation cases are cited, and the optimization of the public transport development mode in Wuhan is finally analyzed. The major cities in which the development of public transport in the global developed countries are relatively mature in the transverse direction are local to local conditions, and the current situation of urban background is the same. In the same way, the case of the CC city of the United States is first selected to demonstrate that the city itself is more and more people, the public transport facilities are facing the difficulties of running, the difficulty is not solved, and the authorities have made great efforts to transform the public The purpose is to attract more residents to choose the public transport party The case of this case is used as a case of negative correlation for demonstration and analysis. The purpose of this case is to find out the actual situation in the opposite direction of Wuhan. Second, select the three cases in Tokyo, Taipei and Hong Kong The three cities are in different stages of development Section. However, it has a corresponding adaptation to Wuhan Sex. These cities are in the central city of the region, the population of the population is strong, the people are much less, the traffic problem is the important difficulty of the city in the transition period of the process The first few cities are the main public transport modes for the development of rail transit, and other comprehensive public transport development models, which are complementary and supplementary It has a certain adaptation to the current stage of development in Wuhan Sex. Several cases will be the first stage of Wuhan's short-term and long-term development stage Section. Through the study and analysis of relevant cases at home and abroad, fully understand the actual situation of Wuhan, make a comprehensive evaluation on the current and future development direction of Wuhan public transport development mode, and give it the appropriate construction Discussion on the Mistakes of the Urban Development in Wuhan in the Process of the Urban Development Therefore, in the process of learning and drawing on the development model of urban public transport at home and abroad, Wuhan should take it On the basis of the analysis of each case, the present situation and the future development direction of Wuhan's own public transport development are combined, and the actual cases are provided for the determination of the public transport development mode in Wuhan The present situation and the problems of the traffic development in Wuhan are analyzed. The main focus is on the following: the lack of rationality of the distribution of the conventional bus operation lines and the mismatch between the passenger flow and the resident's travel demand; the urban road network is not reasonable, and the public transport operation can not be provided hard It is supported by the part; the traffic pressure of the over-river is too large, and the traffic congestion in the main urban area is serious; in the construction and construction area, the traffic capacity of the road is severely limited; the planning and construction of the urban public transport and transfer hub facilities are backward, and the construction of the transfer facilities is unreasonable; and the management mode is extensive, and the commuting effect The rate is not high, the resource waste and the ring are weighted On the basis of the above analysis, in view of a series of problems existing in the development of public transport in Wuhan, this paper, from the present practical situation, puts forward the related problems from the different aspects such as the policies and regulations, the planning and the public participation, etc. Measures and measures to guide the development of public transport by means of policies and regulations, such as the inclination of public transport, fiscal and taxation, and subsidies, while limiting the growth rate of non-public transport vehicles, mainly restricting private cars, buses, and to accelerate the development of the rapid transit system and to form a network to reach an effective transport force; to optimize the bus route and to make an overall plan for the public the system of the invention has the advantages that the traffic transportation system is matched with the public transport network, the distribution of the bus stops is optimized, Make a seamless connection. Make sure the bus is in priority and improve the public the operation efficiency is improved; the priority of the public transport vehicle is given priority to the public transport vehicle in the main road sections and the flow of people, so that the congestion caused by the interference of the thin bus of the bus is reduced, the operation speed of the public transport vehicle is guaranteed, High commuter efficiency. The public transit information system can accurately grasp the operation distribution, travel characteristics and demand quantity of the public transport, provide a strong practical basis for the strategic implementation of the public transport priority, provide the authoritative technical support for the development of the relevant regulatory measures, and better serve the planning , government decision-making, industry management and public service. The scientific guide of Wuhan, in combination with the actual situation of Wuhan traffic, the scale of the expansion system and the improvement system The overall function of the system is to provide a solution for the actual problem based on the traffic information system, and further to the urban traffic operation and the urban development To make a contribution to the show. Finally, public transport has a strong social attribute and needs to be added Strong public participation. In the early stage of planning and design, the public opinion should be fully sought, which will provide a more effective basis for the implementation of the later works, and it is the public and public traffic highe
【学位授予单位】：武汉工程大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U12

【参考文献】