高性能环氧沥青的制备与性能表征
发布时间：2019-06-19 11:09
【摘要】：高性能环氧沥青(high-performance epoxy asphalt)是环氧树脂改性沥青的简称,它是一种聚合物改性沥青,是在沥青中加入环氧树脂和固化剂等改性剂,经过固化反应后,形成热固性弹性体,从根本上改变了沥青的热塑性行为,赋予沥青优异的耐高低温性能、力学性能、粘结性能、耐水和溶剂性能。自1967年以来环氧沥青被广泛用于大跨径钢桥面的铺装,我国从2000年开始在南京长江二桥铺装美国环氧沥青,取得极大成功,从此以后我国先后有30多座桥梁采用环氧沥青进行铺装,其中包括苏通大桥、杭州湾跨海大桥和舟山西堠门大桥等世界著名的桥梁。进口环氧沥青的价格很高,是普通沥青的十几倍,因此开发国产环氧沥青具有重要的经济和社会意义。 本论文在研究了固化剂、相容剂、增韧剂、粘度调节剂对环氧沥青力学性能和粘度影响的基础上,制备出高性能环氧沥青,其中自研环氧沥青粘结料和结合料中环氧树脂和沥青(含固化剂等改性剂)的配比分别达到1：4.40和1：5.70,接近美国产品的配比(1：4.45和1：5.85),并且高于国内产品的配比(1：2.90和1：2.45)。自研环氧沥青粘结料和结合料23℃时拉伸强度和断裂伸长率与美国环氧沥青的力学性能接近,分别达到9.57 MPa、3.83MPa和343%、588%。121℃时粘度达到1000 mPa.s所需的时间分别为34min和57min,均超过进口产品的技术要求(20min和57min),并且与进口产品不同,自研的环氧沥青可以根据实际需要来调节粘度。此外,未固化和固化后的自研环氧沥青结合料在60℃时的马歇尔稳定度、流值和孔隙率也均达到了进口产品的技术要求。 本论文利用差示扫描量热仪(DSC)、动态机械分析仪(DMA)、热失重分析仪(TGA)、激光扫描共聚焦显微镜(LSCM)等手段比较了美国和自研环氧沥青粘结料和结合料的固化行为、玻璃化温度(Tg)、阻尼行为、热稳定性和微观结构。 DSC等温固化研究表明,环氧沥青粘结料和结合料的等温固化DSC曲线都成S型的,这说明环氧沥青的固化反应属于自催化类型。自研环氧沥青粘结料和结合料的固化反应速度与比美国相应产品的速度快,并且固化反应热要比美国产品高一些。环氧沥青粘结料和结合料121℃加热4h完全固化,而纯环氧树脂需要加热10h才能完全固化,说明沥青对环氧树脂的固化反应有促进作用。 DSC研究还表明,无论是自研还是美国环氧沥青粘结料和结合料固化后,都出现一个玻璃化转变,并且沥青原有的熔融峰消失,说明环氧沥青中的环氧树脂和沥青具有了很好的相容性。DSC结果表明,固化后的环氧沥青粘结料和结合料的Tg在固化后的纯环氧树脂和纯沥青的Tg之间,并且固化后的自研环氧沥青粘结料和结合料的Tg略低于固化后的美国环氧沥青的Tg,说明自研环氧沥青具有更好的低温性能,DMA测试结果也得到了同样的结论。 DMA结果还表明,固化后的环氧沥青粘结料的储存模量要高于结合料的储存模量。固化后的环氧沥青粘结料和结合料的tanδ-温度曲线除了具有一个玻璃化转变峰(α转变)以外,在-10℃到-30℃之间还存在一个β转变峰,所对应的是束缚在环氧树脂交联网络中的沥青的Tg。环氧沥青粘结料和结合料都具有很高tanδ峰值(阻尼系数,在1.46-1.66之间),tanδ 0.3的温度区间均在40℃左右,另外,环氧沥青粘结料和结合料tanδ-温度曲线的面积(TA)在38-47K之间,这些结果都说明环氧沥青具有很好的阻尼行为。 TGA结果表明,加入环氧树脂后,沥青的热稳定性降低。并且,纯沥青的热稳定性要高于固化后的纯环氧树脂体系的热稳定性。DTG结果表明,沥青中加入环氧树脂后,其热分解过程发生显著变化。 LSCM观察结果表明,美国环氧沥青粘结料和结合料固化后都发生了相分离,沥青聚集成几个微米到20微米的球状结构均匀地分散在环氧树脂形成的交联网络中。而自研的环氧沥青则出现更细密的相分离结构,同时这些结构中还有几个很大的沥青和环氧树脂相分离结构的聚集体。相分离结构的形成赋予环氧沥青更好的韧性。 上述研究结果对揭示高性能环氧沥青的作用机理以及环氧沥青的制备和应用具有重要的理论指导作用。
[Abstract]:high-performance epoxy asphalt is the abbreviation of the epoxy resin modified asphalt, The thermoplastic behavior of the asphalt is fundamentally changed, and the high and low temperature resistance, the mechanical property, the adhesive property, the water resistance and the solvent property of the asphalt are endowed. Since 1967, epoxy asphalt has been widely used in the spread of large-span steel bridge deck. Since 2000, the epoxy asphalt in the United States has been paved on the second bridge of Nanjing Yangtze River, and has been greatly successful. Since then, more than 30 bridges in China have been paved with epoxy asphalt, including the Sutong Bridge. Hangzhou Bay Cross-sea Bridge and Zhoushan West Gate Bridge and other world-famous bridges. The price of imported epoxy asphalt is very high, which is more than ten times that of common asphalt, so it is of great economic and social significance to develop domestic epoxy asphalt. The effect of curing agent, compatilizer, flexibilizer and viscosity modifier on the mechanical properties and viscosity of epoxy asphalt was studied. The ratio of the self-research epoxy asphalt binder and the epoxy resin and the asphalt (including the curing agent and other modifiers) to the asphalt is 1: 4.40 and 1: 5.70 respectively, and the ratio of the mixture to the product of the United States (1: 4.45 and 1: 5.85) is higher than that of the domestic product (1: 2.90 and 1: 2.4). 5) The tensile strength and elongation at 23.degree. C. of the self-research epoxy asphalt binder and the binder are close to the mechanical properties of the epoxy asphalt in the United States, respectively reaching 9.57 MPa, 3.83 MPa and 343%,588%. The time required for the viscosity to reach 1000 mPa.s at 121 鈩，
本文编号：2502299
[Abstract]:high-performance epoxy asphalt is the abbreviation of the epoxy resin modified asphalt, The thermoplastic behavior of the asphalt is fundamentally changed, and the high and low temperature resistance, the mechanical property, the adhesive property, the water resistance and the solvent property of the asphalt are endowed. Since 1967, epoxy asphalt has been widely used in the spread of large-span steel bridge deck. Since 2000, the epoxy asphalt in the United States has been paved on the second bridge of Nanjing Yangtze River, and has been greatly successful. Since then, more than 30 bridges in China have been paved with epoxy asphalt, including the Sutong Bridge. Hangzhou Bay Cross-sea Bridge and Zhoushan West Gate Bridge and other world-famous bridges. The price of imported epoxy asphalt is very high, which is more than ten times that of common asphalt, so it is of great economic and social significance to develop domestic epoxy asphalt. The effect of curing agent, compatilizer, flexibilizer and viscosity modifier on the mechanical properties and viscosity of epoxy asphalt was studied. The ratio of the self-research epoxy asphalt binder and the epoxy resin and the asphalt (including the curing agent and other modifiers) to the asphalt is 1: 4.40 and 1: 5.70 respectively, and the ratio of the mixture to the product of the United States (1: 4.45 and 1: 5.85) is higher than that of the domestic product (1: 2.90 and 1: 2.4). 5) The tensile strength and elongation at 23.degree. C. of the self-research epoxy asphalt binder and the binder are close to the mechanical properties of the epoxy asphalt in the United States, respectively reaching 9.57 MPa, 3.83 MPa and 343%,588%. The time required for the viscosity to reach 1000 mPa.s at 121 鈩，
本文编号：2502299
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