基于图像处理及嵌入式系统的交通灯智能控制

发布时间：2019-06-28 16:59

【摘要】：随着人类社会的发展,汽车保有量不断增加,交通问题日益严重。传统的交通解决方案例如拓宽道路、加大路网密度、建立立体交通等越来越显示出其局限性,只有利用高科技手段才能改善日趋严重的交通问题,因此,智能交通的引进和发展成为交通发展的必然趋势。交通路口处交通灯的智能控制正是其中一个重要组成部分。本文在此基础上提出了一种基于图像处理及嵌入式系统的交通灯智能控制系统,旨在缓解交通路口拥堵状况。本文的主要工作包括：一,综合研究和分析国内外交通灯智能控制系统,在此基础上提出本系统的总体设计方案。系统采用视频检测方式来实时检测交通流量信息,选取路口车辆排队长度作为交通灯调控依据,采用模糊控制方法对交通灯进行智能控制。系统为双处理器结构,一个用于控制交通灯,一个用于图像处理。二,完成系统软硬件模块级设计。其中系统硬件主要包括处理器模块,摄像头模块,交通灯模块,无线模块和电源模块；软件模块包括操作系统模块,车辆排队长度检测模块,交通灯智能控制模块和故障报警模块。三,完成车辆排队长度检测模块的详细设计,通过图像处理方式,对车辆运动和车辆存在性进行检测,以获取交通路口各个方向的车辆排队长度。四,完成交通灯智能控制模块的详细设计,采用模糊控制方式对交通灯进行智能控制。五,完成程序的实现和测试。测试结果显示系统能根据路口的交通流量的变化适时调控红绿灯周期和各个方向的绿信比,达到较好的控制效果。最后,本文总结了本课题研究所取得的成果及其不足之处,提出了课题进一步深入研究的展望及其应用前景。
[Abstract]:With the development of human society, the number of cars is increasing and the traffic problem is becoming more and more serious. Traditional traffic solutions, such as widening roads, increasing road network density, establishing three-dimensional traffic and so on, show more and more limitations. Only by using high-tech means can we improve the increasingly serious traffic problems. Therefore, the introduction and development of intelligent transportation has become an inevitable trend of traffic development. Intelligent control of traffic lights at traffic intersections is one of the important components. On this basis, a traffic light intelligent control system based on image processing and embedded system is proposed in order to alleviate the traffic congestion. The main work of this paper is as follows: first, the intelligent control system of traffic lights at home and abroad is comprehensively studied and analyzed, on the basis of which the overall design scheme of the system is put forward. The system uses video detection to detect traffic flow information in real time, selects the queue length of intersection vehicles as the basis of traffic light control, and adopts fuzzy control method to control the traffic lights intelligently. The system is a dual-processor structure, one for controlling traffic lights and one for image processing. Second, complete the software and hardware module level design of the system. The hardware of the system mainly includes processor module, camera module, traffic light module, wireless module and power module, and the software module includes operating system module, vehicle queue length detection module, traffic light intelligent control module and fault alarm module. Third, the detailed design of the vehicle queue length detection module is completed, and the vehicle motion and vehicle existence are detected by image processing, in order to obtain the vehicle queue length in all directions of the traffic intersection. Fourth, the detailed design of the intelligent control module of the traffic light is completed, and the intelligent control of the traffic light is carried out by using the fuzzy control mode. Fifth, complete the implementation and testing of the program. The test results show that the system can control the traffic light cycle and the green signal ratio in all directions according to the change of traffic flow at the intersection, and achieve better control effect. Finally, this paper summarizes the achievements and shortcomings of this research, and puts forward the prospect of further in-depth research and its application prospect.
【学位授予单位】：东华大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U491.54

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