施工区对城市信号交叉口通行能力影响分析与仿真

发布时间：2019-07-04 12:33

【摘要】：在城市中,管道、线缆、道路维护、地铁建设等活动都会伴随占道施工活动,大量的道路施工给城市交通带来了巨大的不利影响。然而现有的研究主要集中于高速公路施工区,针对城市道路施工区的研究还十分匮乏。本文则关注城市道路信号交叉口内设置施工区对交叉口交通流及通行能力的影响。通过实地调研与施工区特性分析,选取两相位十字型信号交叉口施工区为研究对象,并将信号交叉口施工区划分为两类：横跨式、岛式。分析可能对上述两类施工区通行能力造成影响的一些因素,包括大型车比例,施工区的尺寸等。针对横跨式施工区,使用相关性分析与逐步回归分析的方法,获得对横跨式施工区饱和流率有显著作用的因素。进而提出2个能够描述横跨式施工区通行能力的估计模型：多元线性回归模型,饱和流率模型,并利用采集的数据对上述模型进行参数标定和有效性评价。结果表明：相对而言本文建立的多元线性回归模型具有更好的精度,可以如实反映横跨式施工区通行能力与施工区几何特征之间的关系。对于岛式施工区,由于数据的限制并考虑到交叉口内交通流的复杂性,提出一个基于社会力的混合交通流模型。该模型可以更好地反映车辆的微观运动,并可适用于由非机动车、小汽车、公交车组成的异质交通流。之后,对一个典型的岛式施工信号交叉口进行案例分析,利用该交叉口数据对上述模型进行标定与评估。结果表明：新提出模型的仿真值与实测值误差较小,对岛式施工区交通流模拟具有较高的参考价值。在此基础上,通过改变一些因素的取值,分析该因素对此岛式施工区交叉口交通流的影响；这些因素包括：大型车比例,机动车与非机动车到达率,施工区的尺寸与位置等。结果显示：施工区下边界距交叉口进口道中央分割带的宽度、大型车的比例及非机动车到达率对交通流的影响最显著；施工区距交叉口进口道停车线的距离对车辆平均通行速度有显著影响；如果施工区靠近出口道时,交叉口内车辆的排空时间会延长,需要适当增加黄灯时间,避免对另一方向的交通流造成干扰。
[Abstract]:In the city, pipeline, cable, road maintenance, subway construction and other activities will be accompanied by road construction activities, a large number of road construction has brought great adverse effects on urban traffic. However, the existing research mainly focuses on the expressway construction area, and the research on the urban road construction area is still very scarce. This paper focuses on the influence of construction area on traffic flow and traffic capacity of urban road signalized intersections. Based on the field investigation and the analysis of the characteristics of the construction area, the construction area of the two-phase cross signalized intersection is selected as the research object, and the construction area of the signalized intersection is divided into two categories: cross-span type and island type. This paper analyzes some factors that may affect the capacity of the above two types of construction areas, including the proportion of large vehicles, the size of the construction area and so on. For the cross-span construction area, the correlation analysis and stepwise regression analysis are used to obtain the factors that play a significant role in the saturated flow rate of the cross-span construction area. Furthermore, two estimation models are proposed, which can describe the capacity of cross-span construction area: multivariate linear regression model and saturated flow rate model, and the parameters calibration and effectiveness evaluation of the above model are carried out by using the collected data. The results show that the multivariate linear regression model established in this paper has better accuracy and can truthfully reflect the relationship between the capacity of the cross-span construction area and the geometric characteristics of the construction area. For island construction area, due to the limitation of data and considering the complexity of traffic flow in intersection, a mixed traffic flow model based on social force is proposed. The model can better reflect the microscopic motion of the vehicle, and can be applied to the heterogeneous traffic flow composed of non-motor vehicles, cars and buses. After that, a case study of a typical island construction signalized intersection is carried out, and the above model is calibrated and evaluated by using the intersection data. The results show that the error between the simulation value and the measured value of the newly proposed model is small, which has a high reference value for the traffic flow simulation in the island construction area. On this basis, by changing the value of some factors, the influence of this factor on the traffic flow at the intersection of the island construction area is analyzed, including the ratio of large vehicles, the arrival rate of motor vehicles and non-motor vehicles, the size and position of the construction area, and so on. The results show that the width of the central partition zone between the lower boundary of the construction area and the entrance road of the intersection, the proportion of large vehicles and the arrival rate of non-motor vehicles have the most significant influence on the traffic flow, and the distance between the construction area and the stop line of the intersection entrance road has a significant effect on the average traffic speed of the vehicle. If the construction area is close to the exit road, the emptying time of the vehicles in the intersection will be prolonged, so it is necessary to increase the yellow light time properly to avoid interfering with the traffic flow in the other direction.
【学位授予单位】：西南交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：U491

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