激光辅助微铣削中铣削力及其与刀尖圆弧半径的关系研究

发布时间：2017-12-27 20:01

本文关键词：激光辅助微铣削中铣削力及其与刀尖圆弧半径的关系研究　出处：《哈尔滨工业大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：Ti6Al4V在航空航天行业中有广泛应用,可制作成惯性导航元件及各种精密仪表中的零件,但其可加工性较差,加工过程中切削力大,刀具易磨损。激光辅助微铣削为这类难加工材料提供了一种有效、可行的加工方法,能够有效降低铣削力,减缓刀具磨损。本文从理论模型建立、有限元仿真、实验研究三个方面对激光辅助微铣削中铣削力进行研究,并以刀尖圆弧半径为指标评价刀具磨损,对激光辅助微铣削过程中刀具磨损情况进行研究。并在此基础上对切削力与刀具磨损二者之间关系进行研究。本文首先以经典铣削力模型为基础,建立传统微铣削过程中的铣削力力学模型,在此基础上,结合温度场对被加工材料力学属性的改变以及刀具刀尖圆弧半径的影响建立激光辅助微铣削过程中铣削力的数学模型。在激光辅助微铣削中铣削力仿真方面,本文利用有限元仿真软件ABAQUS对激光辅助微铣削中铣削力进行仿真。研究中首先对不同预热温度下的材料应力进行三维仿真。之后对激光扫描进行仿真。仿真结果表明在很小范围内温度变化很小,因此本文采用稳态温度场对刀尖切削处非稳态温度场进行简化,最后将温度场仿真结果与三维铣削模型进行结合,进而得到激光辅助微铣削三维模型,并输出仿真结果,将激光辅助微铣削中铣削力与常规微铣削相比较。实验方面,本文首先分别进行常规微铣削和激光辅助微铣削两组实验,对不同参数下铣削力进行实时监测,将实验结果与铣削力理论模型和铣削力有限元仿真模型进行对比,验证了铣削力及有限元仿真的正确性。切削力实验表明,切削力随切削距离增加而不断变大。此外,对实验中使用刀具的刀尖圆弧半径进行检测,检测结果表明刀具刀尖圆弧半径随切削距离变大而逐渐变大,这反映了刀具的正常磨损过程。并且这与切削力随切削距离变化的趋势大致相同,间接反映了二者之间具有一定的相关性。在此基础之上建立了切削力与刀具刀尖圆弧半径之间的对应关系,他们大致是呈线性关系。这不但为进一步修正激光辅助微铣削切削力模型提供了依据,而且也为利用铣削力实时监测刀具磨损情况提供了方法。
[Abstract]:Ti6Al4V is widely used in aerospace industry. It can be made into parts of inertial navigation unit and various precision instruments, but its machinability is poor, and cutting force is great in process, and tools are easy to wear. Laser assisted micro milling provides an effective and feasible processing method for this kind of hard working material, which can effectively reduce the milling force and slow down the tool wear. In this paper, the milling force in laser aided micro milling is studied from three aspects: theoretical model establishment, finite element simulation and experimental research. The tool wear is evaluated by the radius of the tool nose circle, and the tool wear in laser assisted micro milling process is studied. On the basis of this, the relationship between the cutting force and the tool wear two is studied. In this paper, the classical model of milling force based on milling force model of traditional micro milling process, on this basis, according to the temperature field of the mathematical model of cutting force of milling machining to change the material mechanical properties and the influence of tool nose radius of laser assisted in micro milling process. In the simulation of the milling force in the laser assisted micro milling, the finite element simulation software ABAQUS is used to simulate the milling force in the laser assisted micro milling. In the study, the three-dimensional simulation of the material stress at different preheating temperatures was first carried out. After that, the laser scanning is simulated. The simulation results show that in a small range of temperature change is very small, so the steady temperature field of cutting at the non steady temperature field is simplified. Finally, the simulation results of temperature field combined with 3D model of milling, and then obtain the laser assisted micro milling 3D model, and the output of the simulation results, the milling force of laser assisted micro milling in comparison with the conventional micro milling. The experiment, this paper respectively conventional micro milling and laser assisted micro milling of two sets of experiments, real-time monitoring of milling force under different parameters, the results of the experiment and finite element simulation model of milling force model and milling force were compared to verify the correctness and the finite Yuan Fangzhen milling force. The cutting force experiment shows that the cutting force increases with the increase of the cutting distance. In addition, the tool nose radius is detected in the experiment. The test results show that the radius of the tool nose radius increases with the cutting distance, which reflects the normal wear process of the tool. And the trend of the cutting force varies with the cutting distance is roughly the same, which indirectly reflects the correlation between the two. On this basis, the corresponding relationship between cutting force and tool tip arc radius is established, and they are approximately linear. It not only provides a basis for further correcting the cutting force model of laser assisted micro milling, but also provides a method for real-time monitoring of tool wear by milling force.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TG54

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