立式车铣复合机床的控制技术与应用

发布时间：2018-06-10 17:16

本文选题：极坐标插补 + 油膜厚度　；参考：《湖南大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：武汉重型机床集团有限公司所生产的立式车铣复合机床特点是精度高、切削扭矩大、工作台承重能力强、加工规格大,本文对立式车铣复合机床的若干控制技术进行了研究。针对立式车铣复合机床需要进行端面铣削的加工工艺需求,本文设计了一种极坐标插补加工技术,并在MATLAB软件中进行了模拟仿真,仿真结果表明该项技术能够满足机床的加工精度。采用极坐标插补技术可以将XY平面内X轴、Y轴的两直线轴联动转换成X轴和旋转轴C轴的联动,解决立车没有Y轴的问题,达到加工目的。针对重型立车需要工作台承重能力强的特点,本文研究了液体静压支承技术,计算了静压导轨工作台供油系统的流量,确定了导轨的油膜厚度与温度、载荷、流量之间的关系。为了使油膜厚度处于一个良好的状态,设计了一个闭环控制系统,并编写了基于PLC的PID控制算法子程序块。针对PID调节器调节参数固定、具有一定滞后性的不足,提出了基于模糊自适应控制算法的技术方案,在MATLAB软件中进行了模拟仿真,验证了该方法的可性行,并搭建了一个静压导轨回转台实验平台,比较了实验数据与理论数据的差异,实验数据表明理论公式应用准确能够应用于工程实际中。本文计算了840DSL数控系统中模拟主轴编码器速度分辨率,比较了使用TTL编码器和1VPP编码器的性能差异,确定了选型方案;依据公式详述了距离码光栅尺和距离码圆光栅的回零原理,并将其应用于西门子数控系统中,减少了机床回零时间。立式车床中横梁需要在立柱导轨上做升降运动以满足各种加工高度,本文对横梁电机和软起动器进行了计算选型,设计了一个横梁同步保护装置防范了横梁倾斜运行,详述了横梁运行控制流程,确保运行安全可靠。通过以上的研究,立式车铣复合机床的电气系统功能完善,系统运行安全可靠。
[Abstract]:The vertical turn-milling compound machine tool produced by Wuhan heavy Duty Machine tool Group Co., Ltd is characterized by high precision, large cutting torque, strong bearing capacity of worktable and large machining specification. Some control techniques of turn-milling compound machine tool are studied in this paper. In order to meet the need of machining process of vertical turn-milling compound machine tool, this paper designs a kind of polar coordinate interpolation machining technology, and simulates it in MATLAB software. The simulation results show that the technology can meet the machining accuracy of machine tools. By using polar coordinate interpolation technique, the two linear axes of X axis and Y axis in XY plane can be transformed into the linkage of X axis and rotation axis C axis, which solves the problem that there is no Y axis in the vertical car and achieves the purpose of processing. In view of the strong bearing capacity of the worktable, this paper studies the hydrostatic pressure supporting technology, calculates the flow rate of the oil supply system of the hydrostatic guide rail table, and determines the relationship between the oil film thickness of the guide rail and the temperature, load and flow rate. In order to keep the oil film thickness in a good state, a closed loop control system is designed, and a subprogram of pid control algorithm based on PLC is written. In view of the limitation of pid regulator with fixed adjusting parameters and certain lag, a technical scheme based on fuzzy adaptive control algorithm is put forward. The simulation is carried out in MATLAB software, and the feasibility of the method is verified. An experimental platform for static pressure guide rail turntable is built, and the difference between experimental data and theoretical data is compared. The experimental data show that the application of theoretical formula can be applied to engineering practice accurately. This paper calculates the speed resolution of the analog spindle encoder in 840DSL numerical control system, compares the performance difference between TTL encoder and 1VPP encoder, and determines the selection scheme. According to the formula, the principle of zero return of distance code grating ruler and distance code circle grating is described in detail, and it is applied to Siemens numerical control system to reduce the return time of machine tool. In the vertical lathe, the beam needs to move up and down on the guide rail of the column to meet the various processing heights. In this paper, the calculation and selection of the cross beam motor and soft starter are carried out, and a synchronous protection device for the cross beam is designed to prevent the beam from tilting. The operation control flow of the beam is described in detail to ensure the safety and reliability of the operation. Through the above research, the electrical system of the vertical turn-milling machine tool is perfect and the system is safe and reliable.
【学位授予单位】：湖南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TG65

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