往复走丝线切割机床自动穿丝研究及上丝臂穿丝装置设计

发布时间：2018-07-24 12:24

【摘要】：20世纪60年代末,往复走丝线切割机床在我国研制成功,凭借其简单的结构和较高的性价比在中、低精度加工领域得到迅速推广。但受加工原理等因素的影响机床的断丝问题始终无法避免,而且由于缺乏有效的穿丝机构机床断丝后只能进行手动上丝,这极大的影响了零件的加工精度和机床的加工效率。因此研究往复走丝线切割机床的自动穿丝装置极具现实意义,它不仅可以提高零件加工的合格率还能够带来直接的经济效益。本文通过分析机床断丝的原因和手动穿丝的过程,总结出实现机床自动穿丝需要解决的难题。同课题组于镭健设计的快速上丝装置解决了电极丝的自动除丝、快速夹紧和快速固定等问题,本文在其基础上,设计出引丝装置和牵丝装置,进一步提高了机床穿丝的自动化,为后续实现全自动穿丝提供参考。本文研究的内容归纳如下:(1)设计引丝装置,通过该装置可以将排列在储丝筒上的电极丝引导至丝臂上的牵引装置,实现电极丝由储丝筒到上丝臂的过渡;(2)设计牵丝装置,通过该装置可以牵引电极丝准确穿过上丝臂的两个导轮;(3)设计合理的机电控制方案并选择控制器和编写控制程序,在机床断丝时装置可以自动运行并完成除丝、布丝、引丝、牵丝、固丝等动作,使各个模块自身有序工作,总体协同工作;(4)穿丝实验研究,将穿丝装置的工装加工出后,在机床上进行穿丝实验,与手动上丝进行对比,主要对比穿丝时间及加工工件的表面质量。
[Abstract]:At the end of 1960s, reciprocating wire cutting machine was successfully developed in China. With its simple structure and high performance-price ratio, it has been rapidly popularized in the field of low precision machining. However, the problem of wire breaking is always unavoidable because of the influence of machining principle, and because of the lack of effective wire-piercing mechanism, the machine can only be fed manually, which greatly affects the machining accuracy of parts and the machining efficiency of machine tools. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to study the automatic wire piercing device of reciprocating wire-cutting machine tool, which can not only improve the qualified rate of parts processing, but also bring direct economic benefits. By analyzing the reasons of machine tool wire breakage and the process of manual thread piercing, this paper summarizes the problems that need to be solved to realize machine tool automatic wire piercing. The rapid wire feeding device designed by the same research group in radium health has solved the problems of automatic wire removal, fast clamping and fast fixing of electrode wire. On the basis of it, a wire guiding device and a drawing wire device have been designed to further improve the automation of machine tool wire piercing. This paper provides a reference for the realization of fully automatic wire piercing. The main contents of this paper are summarized as follows: (1) the wire drawing device is designed, through which the electrode wire arranged on the storage tube can be guided to the traction device on the wire arm to realize the transition of the electrode wire from the storage tube to the upper wire arm; (2) the wire drawing device is designed. Through this device, the electrode wire can be drawn through the two guide wheels of the upper wire arm accurately; (3) the reasonable electromechanical control scheme is designed, the controller is selected and the control program is written. The device can automatically run and complete the removal of wire, wire cloth and wire leading when the machine tool breaks the wire. The action of drawing wire and fixing wire makes each module work in order and work together. (4) experiment research on thread piercing device, after processing the equipment of thread piercing device, the experiment of wire piercing is carried out on the machine tool, and compared with manual wire feeding, It mainly compares the time of wire penetration and the surface quality of the workpiece.
【学位授予单位】：青岛理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TG48

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