立式双端面磨床关键部件设计研究

发布时间：2018-07-31 12:10

【摘要】：双端面磨床作为一种高精、高效的加工母机,具有装夹变形小、加工误差小、生产效率高的特点,广泛应用于活塞环、轴承套圈、阀片等零件的端面加工。双端面磨床的设计研究在国内发展较快,但精度仍有待进一步提高。大尺寸高精度滚动轴承套圈的端面加工,具有材料硬度高、磨削力大、精度要求高的特点,目前主要依赖进口机床加工。本论文从理论研究入手,对高精度立式双端面磨床的设计开发进行了深入研究。本文的主要内容有:1.介绍了双端面磨床的发展历史、研究现状及国内双端面磨床的发展水平。指出了市场上现有产品难以完成大尺寸高精度滚动轴承套圈的端面加工。提出了开发专用立式双端面磨床的课题。2.从加工原理误差入手,确定了机床规格、设计参数及机床型号。对主轴部件支撑方式、主轴部件进给方式、砂轮修整方式、送料方式、冷却方式等进行了分析论证,确定了机床主要部件的结构方案及机床总体布局。3.根据设计要求,对主轴部件进行了结构设计。详细介绍了主轴的支撑方式及卸荷结构。对主轴轴承疲劳寿命、润滑剂用量及寿命进行了计算。利用有限元方法对主轴模型进行了模态分析,验证了主轴部件的动态性能。4.以立式双端面磨床的上砂轮作业面形貌为研究对象,建立了砂轮端面形貌的数学模型,分析并验证了不同端面形貌对磨削区内加工余量分布的影响。以理论分析为基础,确定了机床修整部件的布局参数和结构参数。对修整部件的结构进行了详细介绍,并在ANSYS软件中进行了刚度分析,验证了结构的合理性。5.分析介绍了立式双端面磨床的主要运动和磨削用量,推导了进给速度的计算公式。对送料部件载荷进行了计算,以此为依据对送料部件结构进行了详细设计,在结构中采用安全弹簧对电机进行保护,对安全弹簧的最大压力和刚度进行了计算。本文的研究为立式双端面磨床的设计开发提供了一定的理论依据,对双端面磨床的方案选择、修整装置的布局、机床的结构优化都有一定的参考价值。
[Abstract]:As a kind of high precision and high efficiency machining machine, double face grinder has the characteristics of small clamping deformation, small machining error and high production efficiency. It is widely used in the end face machining of piston ring, bearing ring, valve piece and so on. The design and research of double-face grinder is developing rapidly in China, but the precision still needs to be further improved. The machining of large size and high precision roller bearing ring has the characteristics of high material hardness, high grinding force and high precision requirement. At present, it mainly depends on imported machine tools. In this paper, the design and development of high-precision vertical double-face grinder are studied. The main content of this paper is: 1. The development history, research status and development level of double-face grinder in China are introduced in this paper. It is pointed out that it is difficult to finish the end face processing of large size and high precision roller bearing ring on the market. In this paper, the development of a special vertical double-face grinder is presented. Starting from the error of machining principle, the specification, design parameters and model of machine tool are determined. This paper analyzes and demonstrates the supporting mode of spindle parts, feed mode of spindle parts, dressing mode of grinding wheel, feeding mode and cooling mode, and determines the structure scheme of main parts of machine tools and the overall layout of machine tools .3. According to the design requirements, the structure of spindle parts is designed. The supporting mode and unloading structure of the spindle are introduced in detail. The fatigue life, lubricant dosage and life of spindle bearing are calculated. The modal analysis of the spindle model is carried out by using finite element method, and the dynamic performance of the spindle component is verified. 4. Taking the working surface morphology of the upper wheel of the vertical double face grinder as the research object, the mathematical model of the grinding wheel end surface morphology is established, and the influence of different end surface morphology on the machining allowance distribution in the grinding area is analyzed and verified. On the basis of theoretical analysis, the layout parameters and structural parameters of machine tool dressing parts are determined. The structure of the trimming parts is introduced in detail, and the stiffness analysis is carried out in ANSYS software, which verifies the rationality of the structure. The main motion and grinding amount of vertical double face grinder are analyzed and the formula of feed speed is deduced. The load of feeding parts is calculated, and the structure of feeding parts is designed in detail. The safety spring is used to protect the motor in the structure, and the maximum pressure and stiffness of the safety spring are calculated. The research in this paper provides a certain theoretical basis for the design and development of vertical double-face grinder, which has certain reference value for the selection of the scheme of double-end grinder, the layout of dressing device and the structural optimization of machine tool.
【学位授予单位】：湖南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TG580.2

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