强制对流搅拌制备7075铝合金半固态组织性能研究及数值模拟
发布时间:2018-10-08 06:41
【摘要】:本文基于机械搅拌的原理,研发了强制对流流变设备(Forced Convection Rheoforming Machine,简称FCR),制备了高质量的铝合金流变压铸成形件。研究了工艺参数对7075铝合金半固态组织形貌的影响规律,结合数值模拟技术分析了半固态浆料制备过程中的各物理场变化,探讨了强制对流条件下晶粒形核长大的机理;并采用临界直径法,通过试验与模拟相结合研究了7075铝合金不同工艺下的热裂敏感性。主要研究内容和结果如下: 在浇注温度640-650℃,搅拌速度200-400r/min,搅拌筒体温度610-590℃的参数下制备出初生固相晶粒尺寸70μm,形状因子0.8的均匀分布的7075合金半固态组织。流变压铸的半固态浆料在充型时能减少紊流和飞溅,减少气孔缺陷,同时其温度低能减少凝固收缩引起的缩孔疏松。7075合金流变压铸料柄T6热处理后,平均抗拉强度为538MPa平均伸长率为3.32%。其断口含有大量的撕裂岭和韧窝,性能明显优于普通压铸;A380半固态铝合金汽车减震器配件其剖面上气孔缺陷总面积相比于普通压铸减小了27倍。 FCR设备内熔体的混合对流搅拌改变了熔体内部温度场和成分的扩散过程,使熔体的各物理场能够迅速均匀,熔体的均匀过冷状态有助于熔体内部均匀分布的大量有效形核质点能够大量非均匀形核,靠近器壁或叶片形成的大量晶核也会在对流熔体的冲刷作用下游离到熔体内部,提高形核率。均匀的温度场、很小的温度差、晶粒的自旋不断改变自身的位置有利于晶粒往各个方向均匀长大为球形。适当降低筒体温度和降低浇注温度有利于熔体获得更低的均匀温度,更大的过冷度,提高形核率;适当增大搅拌速度能让熔体的温度更快的均匀,最高温度和最低温度差更小,有利于晶粒的各向均匀生长。 直径小的试棒心部和边部熔体都具有更快的冷却速度,组织的枝晶臂更细长,其热裂倾向比直径大的试棒大,模拟与试验结果一致。7075铝合金不同工艺参数下普通铸造其热裂等级均为256mm2。半固态热裂试棒的晶粒形貌随模具温度的增加或制备浆料的浇注温度的降低而明显细化圆整,调高裂纹扩展阻力,有助于改善凝固过程中的热裂倾向。当强制对流搅拌浇注温度为650℃,筒体温度580℃,搅拌速度300r/min,搅拌时间30s,热裂模具温度230℃时,半固态浆料浇注热裂试棒的热裂等级为100mm2。
[Abstract]:Based on the principle of mechanical stirring, a forced convection rheological equipment (Forced Convection Rheoforming Machine,) was developed to prepare high quality aluminum alloy rheological die casting parts. The effect of process parameters on the morphology of semi-solid microstructure of 7075 aluminum alloy was studied. The physical field changes during the preparation of semi-solid slurry were analyzed by numerical simulation. The mechanism of grain nucleation and growth under forced convection was discussed. The hot cracking sensitivity of 7075 aluminum alloy was studied by means of critical diameter method and simulation. The main contents and results are as follows: under the conditions of pouring temperature of 640-650 鈩,
本文编号:2255806
[Abstract]:Based on the principle of mechanical stirring, a forced convection rheological equipment (Forced Convection Rheoforming Machine,) was developed to prepare high quality aluminum alloy rheological die casting parts. The effect of process parameters on the morphology of semi-solid microstructure of 7075 aluminum alloy was studied. The physical field changes during the preparation of semi-solid slurry were analyzed by numerical simulation. The mechanism of grain nucleation and growth under forced convection was discussed. The hot cracking sensitivity of 7075 aluminum alloy was studied by means of critical diameter method and simulation. The main contents and results are as follows: under the conditions of pouring temperature of 640-650 鈩,
本文编号:2255806
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