高速轧辊磨床液体动静压轴承的结构分析及动态特性研究
发布时间:2018-10-25 18:27
【摘要】:液体动静压轴承目前是轧辊磨床上应用得最为广泛的一类油膜轴承,它直接决定着一台轧辊磨床的性能。为了满足高速轧辊磨削的需求,核心的是要对其所需的高速液体动静压轴承进行研发,并对其相关性能进行揭示。根据高速轧辊磨床的工作要求和性能特点,设计出了一种可调式液体动静压轴承,这种液体动静压轴承能根据高速轧辊磨床不同的负载需求进行结构的调节,从而提高了其应用范围和运行效率。针对此种可调式液体动静压轴承,本文开展了如下具体的研究工作。首先,通过对比传统结构的滑动轴承和较新型的液体动静压轴承的结构特点及适用场合,确定了本文轴承的设计方向,摆脱国内传统动静压轴承设计方法的束缚,设计出一种新型结构的液体动静压轴承轴承,并通过性能验证确定了承载、散热等性能良好的可调式液体动静压轴承整体模型。其次,利用有限元分析软件对轴承本体和本体位于整体结构中的不同位置进行结构静力分析和轴承本体的热特性分析,分析结果表明:轴承本体和轴承本体位于整体不同位置时的强度和刚度均能满足要求,轴承本体在工况下温升的变化在允许的范围内。然后,利用有限元分析软件对可调式高速轧辊磨床主轴系统液体动静压轴承本体和整体分别进行了模态分析,分析结果表明:该轴承前10阶模态固有频率主要集中在5200Hz-6700Hz和2300Hz-6000Hz的区域,各阶固有频率中均没有出现系统基频(340Hz~620Hz),且各阶振型主要表现为摆动和扭转,轴承本体振动的薄弱环节主要集中在静压腔和导油槽附近。通过对可调式高速轧辊磨床主轴系统液体动静压轴承的模态分析,为其减振分析提供了前期基础,对进一步揭示其动态性能具有重要的意义。最后,在模态分析的基础之上对轴承本体和本体位于整体极限位置时的简化结构模型进行了谐响应分析,分析结果表明,轴承本体即使在可能发生共振的频率下,它的最大应力仍在材料的屈服强度内,这说明轴承本体的应用场合处于安全区;当对轴承本体位于整体三个极限位置时,其危险点频率为2700Hz,通过对此频率下轴承静力学的分析,得知轴承的最大应力已经超出轴承材料的屈服强度,轴承将有可能会被损坏,而在实际工况下,轴承的工作频率在340Hz~620Hz的范围内,远远偏离了轴承的危险点频率,这说明了本文所设计的可调式液体动静压轴承在应用中仍处于安全的范围内。本文借鉴国内外轴承设计的优良方法,通过理论计算和软件校核相结合的方法,设计出了一种新型的可调式液体动静压轴承。同时为验证所设计轴承的工作性能,利用有限元分析软件分别对此轴承进行了应力应变、热特性、模态分析和谐响应分析,分析结果表明本文所设计的可调式液体动静压轴承模型不仅性能满足设计需求,而且具有高速、高效长寿的特点,能够满足高速轧辊磨床主轴系统对液体动静压轴承性能方面的要求,这在一定程度上为我国磨床事业在滑动轴承关键技术的研究方面奠定了理论基础。
[Abstract]:Liquid static pressure bearing is one of the most widely used oil film bearings in roll grinder, and it directly determines the performance of a roller grinder. In order to meet the needs of high-speed roll grinding, the core is to develop and develop the high-speed liquid static pressure bearing, and reveal its related properties. According to the working requirements and performance characteristics of high-speed roller grinder, a kind of adjustable liquid static pressure bearing is designed, which can adjust the structure according to different load demand of high-speed roller grinder, thus improving its application range and operation efficiency. In view of this kind of adjustable liquid static pressure bearing, this paper has carried out the following specific research work. Firstly, the design direction of the bearing is determined by comparing the structure characteristics of the sliding bearing of the traditional structure and the structure of the novel liquid static pressure bearing and the application occasion, so as to get rid of the limitation of the design method of the traditional static and static pressure bearing in China, A novel liquid static pressure bearing bearing with a new structure is designed, and the integral model of adjustable liquid static pressure bearing with good performance such as bearing and heat dissipation is determined by the performance verification. Secondly, the structural static analysis and the thermal property analysis of the bearing body are carried out by using the finite element analysis software. The results show that the strength and rigidity of the bearing body and the bearing body at different positions can meet the requirements. the variation of the temperature rise of the bearing body under the working condition is within the allowable range. Then, the modal analysis of the hydrostatic pressure bearing body and the whole body of the spindle system of the adjustable high-speed roll grinder is carried out by using the finite element analysis software. The results show that the first 10-order modal natural frequency of the bearing is mainly concentrated in the area of 5200Hz-6700Hz and 2300Hz-6000Hz. The fundamental frequency of the system (340Hz ~ 620Hz) is not present in the natural frequency of each order, and the vibration modes are mainly swing and torsion, and the weak link of the vibration of the bearing body is mainly concentrated in the vicinity of the static pressure cavity and the oil guide groove. Through the modal analysis of the liquid and static pressure bearing of the spindle system of the adjustable high-speed roller grinder, the preliminary foundation for its vibration reduction analysis is provided, and it is of great significance to further reveal its dynamic performance. Finally, on the basis of modal analysis, the harmonic response analysis is carried out on the simplified structural model of the bearing body and the body at the whole limit position. The results show that the maximum stress of the bearing body is still within the yield strength of the material even at the frequency which may resonate. This indicates that the application of the bearing body is in the safe area; when the bearing body is in the whole three extreme positions, the dangerous point frequency of the bearing body is 2700Hz, and by the analysis of the bearing statics at this frequency, it is known that the maximum stress of the bearing has exceeded the yield strength of the bearing material, The bearing will probably be damaged, and under actual working condition, the operating frequency of the bearing is within the range of 340Hz ~ 620Hz, which deviates much from the danger point frequency of the bearing, which shows that the adjustable liquid static pressure bearing designed in this paper is still in the safe range in the application. Based on the excellent method of bearing design at home and abroad, this paper designs a new kind of adjustable liquid static pressure bearing through the combination of theory calculation and software check. At the same time, in order to verify the working performance of the designed bearing, the finite element analysis software is used to analyze the stress and strain, thermal characteristics and modal analysis of the bearing, and the results show that the adjustable liquid static pressure bearing model designed in this paper not only meets the design requirement, but also has the characteristics of high speed and high efficiency and long service life, can meet the requirement of the spindle system of the high-speed roller grinder system to the performance of the liquid static pressure bearing, and lays a theoretical foundation for the research of the key technology of the sliding bearing in a certain degree.
【学位授予单位】:贵州大学
【学位级别】:硕士
【学位授予年份】:2015
【分类号】:TG595.4
本文编号:2294479
[Abstract]:Liquid static pressure bearing is one of the most widely used oil film bearings in roll grinder, and it directly determines the performance of a roller grinder. In order to meet the needs of high-speed roll grinding, the core is to develop and develop the high-speed liquid static pressure bearing, and reveal its related properties. According to the working requirements and performance characteristics of high-speed roller grinder, a kind of adjustable liquid static pressure bearing is designed, which can adjust the structure according to different load demand of high-speed roller grinder, thus improving its application range and operation efficiency. In view of this kind of adjustable liquid static pressure bearing, this paper has carried out the following specific research work. Firstly, the design direction of the bearing is determined by comparing the structure characteristics of the sliding bearing of the traditional structure and the structure of the novel liquid static pressure bearing and the application occasion, so as to get rid of the limitation of the design method of the traditional static and static pressure bearing in China, A novel liquid static pressure bearing bearing with a new structure is designed, and the integral model of adjustable liquid static pressure bearing with good performance such as bearing and heat dissipation is determined by the performance verification. Secondly, the structural static analysis and the thermal property analysis of the bearing body are carried out by using the finite element analysis software. The results show that the strength and rigidity of the bearing body and the bearing body at different positions can meet the requirements. the variation of the temperature rise of the bearing body under the working condition is within the allowable range. Then, the modal analysis of the hydrostatic pressure bearing body and the whole body of the spindle system of the adjustable high-speed roll grinder is carried out by using the finite element analysis software. The results show that the first 10-order modal natural frequency of the bearing is mainly concentrated in the area of 5200Hz-6700Hz and 2300Hz-6000Hz. The fundamental frequency of the system (340Hz ~ 620Hz) is not present in the natural frequency of each order, and the vibration modes are mainly swing and torsion, and the weak link of the vibration of the bearing body is mainly concentrated in the vicinity of the static pressure cavity and the oil guide groove. Through the modal analysis of the liquid and static pressure bearing of the spindle system of the adjustable high-speed roller grinder, the preliminary foundation for its vibration reduction analysis is provided, and it is of great significance to further reveal its dynamic performance. Finally, on the basis of modal analysis, the harmonic response analysis is carried out on the simplified structural model of the bearing body and the body at the whole limit position. The results show that the maximum stress of the bearing body is still within the yield strength of the material even at the frequency which may resonate. This indicates that the application of the bearing body is in the safe area; when the bearing body is in the whole three extreme positions, the dangerous point frequency of the bearing body is 2700Hz, and by the analysis of the bearing statics at this frequency, it is known that the maximum stress of the bearing has exceeded the yield strength of the bearing material, The bearing will probably be damaged, and under actual working condition, the operating frequency of the bearing is within the range of 340Hz ~ 620Hz, which deviates much from the danger point frequency of the bearing, which shows that the adjustable liquid static pressure bearing designed in this paper is still in the safe range in the application. Based on the excellent method of bearing design at home and abroad, this paper designs a new kind of adjustable liquid static pressure bearing through the combination of theory calculation and software check. At the same time, in order to verify the working performance of the designed bearing, the finite element analysis software is used to analyze the stress and strain, thermal characteristics and modal analysis of the bearing, and the results show that the adjustable liquid static pressure bearing model designed in this paper not only meets the design requirement, but also has the characteristics of high speed and high efficiency and long service life, can meet the requirement of the spindle system of the high-speed roller grinder system to the performance of the liquid static pressure bearing, and lays a theoretical foundation for the research of the key technology of the sliding bearing in a certain degree.
【学位授予单位】:贵州大学
【学位级别】:硕士
【学位授予年份】:2015
【分类号】:TG595.4
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