基于DSP的提升机钢丝绳损伤检测装置研究
发布时间：2018-12-11 23:47
【摘要】：钢丝绳在生产生活中起着举足轻重的作用,是提升系统的核心部件。为了避免出现由钢丝绳断绳引发的安全事故,需要及时准确的评估钢丝绳当前的损伤状况,进而为钢丝绳“带病”的安全工作奠定基础。因此,设计具有高识别度和高可靠性的钢丝绳损伤自动检测装置对保障人身安全具有重要的意义。根据提升机钢丝绳的主要损伤特点,结合损伤检测标准,确立了对钢丝绳损伤判定需从断丝检测开始的研究方案。经对现行方法的综合分析和评估,确立采用漏磁法为基本检测原理。通过对断丝处漏磁场建模和MATLAB仿真分析,得出漏磁场在钢丝绳轴向、周向及径向的初步空间矢量关系。针对磁场仿真结果的空间矢量特征,提出了一种新型霍尔传感环形空间阵列的前端信号采集方案来测量漏磁场信息。信号采集单元将传感器和高精度AD转换器集成于一体,并与DSP数字信号处理单元通过双数据通道的SPI接口相连。为了给后期数据处理和信号识别留足空间,AD转换器对霍尔传感环形空间阵列上的传感器单独采样,数据独立输出。通过参数计算、电路仿真和3D建模等步骤,论证了DSP数字信号处理单元和信号采集单元设计的合理性。在数字信号处理方面,结合改进型去极值均值滤波和滑动窗口平均滤波算法的优势,提出了一种二者的结合算法,并通过MATLAB对原始采样数据仿真对比分析,验证了结合算法在剔除杂散噪声和增加信号可视性方面具有良好的效果。最后完成整个钢丝绳损伤检测系统样机设计和制作工作。遵循制定的钢丝绳损伤检测实验台设计原则,设计并加工了可变频调速控制的无接头钢丝绳回转实验台。在此实验台和检测系统的基础上,分别做了多组、多种类的内外部断丝检测实验,并分别从空间矢量关系、合成量幅值和三轴相位关系等方面对损伤数据进行对比分析。最后总结归纳出钢丝绳内外部断丝漏磁场在以上三方面的特征关系,并通过多组实验验证该结论对断丝识别具有高准确性、高识别率和高可靠性的特点。研究和实验数据表明,设计的基于霍尔传感环形空间阵列的DSP损伤检测系统及其对断丝信号矢量识别方法具有广泛的应用价值。
[Abstract]:Wire rope plays an important role in production and life and is the core part of lifting system. In order to avoid the safety accident caused by wire rope breakage, it is necessary to evaluate the current damage condition of wire rope accurately and timely, and lay the foundation for the safety work of wire rope "band disease". Therefore, it is of great significance to design an automatic detection device for wire rope damage with high recognition and reliability. According to the main damage characteristics of hoist wire rope and combined with the damage detection standard, the research scheme for judging the damage of steel wire rope is established, which begins with the detection of broken wire. Based on the comprehensive analysis and evaluation of the current methods, the magnetic flux leakage method is established as the basic detection principle. Through modeling and MATLAB simulation of leakage magnetic field at broken wire, the primary space vector relation of magnetic leakage field in axial, circumferential and radial direction of wire rope is obtained. According to the space vector characteristics of magnetic field simulation results, a novel front end signal acquisition scheme of Hall sensor ring space array is proposed to measure magnetic field leakage information. The signal acquisition unit integrates the sensor and the high precision AD converter, and is connected with the DSP digital signal processing unit through the SPI interface of two data channels. In order to leave enough space for later data processing and signal recognition, the sensor on Hall sensor ring space array is sampled by AD converter, and the data is outputted independently. Through the steps of parameter calculation, circuit simulation and 3D modeling, the rationality of the design of DSP digital signal processing unit and signal acquisition unit is demonstrated. In the aspect of digital signal processing, combined with the advantages of the improved de-extremum mean filter and sliding window average filtering algorithm, a combined algorithm is proposed, and the original sampling data is simulated and analyzed by MATLAB. It is verified that the combined algorithm is effective in eliminating stray noise and increasing signal visibility. Finally, the prototype design and manufacture of the whole steel wire rope damage detection system are completed. According to the design principle of steel wire rope damage detection test bench, a non-connection wire rope rotary test bench with frequency conversion speed regulation control is designed and manufactured. On the basis of the experimental platform and the detection system, the damage data are compared and analyzed from the aspects of space vector relation, synthetic amplitude and triaxial phase relationship, respectively. Finally, the characteristics of the internal and external leakage magnetic field of wire rope are summarized, and the characteristics of high accuracy, high recognition rate and high reliability are verified by many experiments. The research and experimental data show that the designed DSP damage detection system based on Hall sensing annular space array and its application to the vector recognition method of broken wire signal have wide application value.
【学位授予单位】：中国矿业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TG356.45
本文编号：2373457
[Abstract]:Wire rope plays an important role in production and life and is the core part of lifting system. In order to avoid the safety accident caused by wire rope breakage, it is necessary to evaluate the current damage condition of wire rope accurately and timely, and lay the foundation for the safety work of wire rope "band disease". Therefore, it is of great significance to design an automatic detection device for wire rope damage with high recognition and reliability. According to the main damage characteristics of hoist wire rope and combined with the damage detection standard, the research scheme for judging the damage of steel wire rope is established, which begins with the detection of broken wire. Based on the comprehensive analysis and evaluation of the current methods, the magnetic flux leakage method is established as the basic detection principle. Through modeling and MATLAB simulation of leakage magnetic field at broken wire, the primary space vector relation of magnetic leakage field in axial, circumferential and radial direction of wire rope is obtained. According to the space vector characteristics of magnetic field simulation results, a novel front end signal acquisition scheme of Hall sensor ring space array is proposed to measure magnetic field leakage information. The signal acquisition unit integrates the sensor and the high precision AD converter, and is connected with the DSP digital signal processing unit through the SPI interface of two data channels. In order to leave enough space for later data processing and signal recognition, the sensor on Hall sensor ring space array is sampled by AD converter, and the data is outputted independently. Through the steps of parameter calculation, circuit simulation and 3D modeling, the rationality of the design of DSP digital signal processing unit and signal acquisition unit is demonstrated. In the aspect of digital signal processing, combined with the advantages of the improved de-extremum mean filter and sliding window average filtering algorithm, a combined algorithm is proposed, and the original sampling data is simulated and analyzed by MATLAB. It is verified that the combined algorithm is effective in eliminating stray noise and increasing signal visibility. Finally, the prototype design and manufacture of the whole steel wire rope damage detection system are completed. According to the design principle of steel wire rope damage detection test bench, a non-connection wire rope rotary test bench with frequency conversion speed regulation control is designed and manufactured. On the basis of the experimental platform and the detection system, the damage data are compared and analyzed from the aspects of space vector relation, synthetic amplitude and triaxial phase relationship, respectively. Finally, the characteristics of the internal and external leakage magnetic field of wire rope are summarized, and the characteristics of high accuracy, high recognition rate and high reliability are verified by many experiments. The research and experimental data show that the designed DSP damage detection system based on Hall sensing annular space array and its application to the vector recognition method of broken wire signal have wide application value.
【学位授予单位】：中国矿业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TG356.45
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