铜基特殊润湿性表面的制备与应用研究

发布时间：2018-12-12 00:38

【摘要】：受“荷叶效应”的影响,自然界中特殊润湿性表面的研究在近年来受到了国内外学者的关注。根据接触角的大小可以把表面润湿性分为亲水性、疏水性、亲油性和疏油性。特殊地,当材料表面接触角大于150°小于180°,且滚动角小于10°时,我们认定材料表面是超疏水(超疏油)表面。当接触角为0°时,我们认定材料表面润湿性表现为超亲水(超亲油)性。另外,当材料表面既表现出超疏水同时又表现出超疏油时,我们可以认定该表面为超双疏表面,同样,具备超亲油与超亲水的表面为超双亲表面。超疏水、超亲水、超疏油、超亲油、超双疏和超双亲是材料表面润湿性的特殊表现。制备超疏水表面一般通过两种途径相结合的方法。其一利用低表面能物质在原本粗糙表面进行修饰,其二是在低表面能物质表面构造粗糙形貌。本文将金属铜材料与润湿性相结合制备的特殊润湿性铜基表面,将其应用在抗腐蚀,润湿性调控以及油水分离等方面。以下是本文具体实验内容。(1)通过化学浴沉积法在玻璃基底上制备的铜单质涂层不经修饰即可使其润湿性表现为超疏水性,并分析其抗腐蚀能力。(2)在制备超疏水铜单质表面涂层的过程中,通过控制不同干燥环境、干燥温度和干燥时间而得到超亲水或者超疏水两种截然不同的特殊润湿表面。并在这一发现的启示下,利用氧化还原法可以使得制备的铜涂层表面润湿性在超亲水与超疏水之间可逆调控。(3)在铜网表面通过直接氧化法制备的氧化铜表面其润湿性表现为超疏水与超亲油特性,能有效的进行油水分离。并且考察了该制备方法得到的铜网在抗酸碱盐性、耐高温能力以及油水分离等方面的应用。
[Abstract]:Under the influence of "lotus leaf effect", the research of special wettable surface in nature has been concerned by scholars at home and abroad in recent years. According to the contact angle, wettability can be divided into hydrophilicity, hydrophobicity, hydrophobicity and hydrophobicity. In particular, when the contact angle is greater than 150 掳and the rolling angle is less than 10 掳, the surface of the material is superhydrophobic. When the contact angle is 0 掳, the surface wettability of the material is determined to be super hydrophilic (super hydrophilic). In addition, when the surface of the material shows both superhydrophobicity and hydrophobicity, we can identify the surface as super double thinned surface. Similarly, the surface with super hydrophilic and super hydrophilic is super amphiphilic surface. Superhydrophobic, super hydrophilic, superhydrophobic, hyperhydrophilic, superhydrophobic and super amphiphilic are the special features of the surface wettability of the materials. The preparation of superhydrophobic surfaces is usually combined by two ways. First, the rough surface is modified by low surface energy material, and the other is the rough surface is constructed on the surface of low surface energy material. In this paper, a special wettable copper based surface prepared by combining metal copper with wettability is applied to corrosion resistance, wettability control and oil / water separation. The following are the contents of this paper. (1) the wettability of copper simple coating prepared on glass substrate by chemical bath deposition can be shown to be super hydrophobic without modification. The corrosion resistance of superhydrophobic copper was analyzed. (2) in the process of preparing superhydrophobic copper surface coating, two distinct special wetting surfaces were obtained by controlling different drying environment, drying temperature and drying time. And in the light of this discovery, The surface wettability of the prepared copper coating can be controlled inversely between superhydrophilic and superhydrophobic by redox method. (3) the surface wettability of copper oxide prepared by direct oxidation on the copper mesh surface shows the characteristics of superhydrophobicity and super hydrophilicity. Can effectively separate oil and water. The application of the prepared copper mesh in acid and alkali resistance, high temperature resistance and oil / water separation was also investigated.
【学位授予单位】：武汉工程大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TG178

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