数控直驱式双轴回转工作台设计及其误差补偿系统研究

发布时间：2019-06-08 18:31

【摘要】：随着我国制造业的发展,加工中心的需求也在增加,特别是四轴、五轴联动的加工中心。五轴联动数控机床系统的研究已经成为国际数控技术的发展趋势,作为机床制造业最高境界的五轴联动数控机床系统,从某种意义上说,反映了一个国家的工业发展水平状况。但是我国装备制造业水平还比较低,企业间制造能力和水平差异参差不齐,精密制造的技术不成熟,我国大多数五轴联动数控机床定位精度仍有待提高。直驱式双轴回转工作台作为五轴联动的重要功能部件,它能够实现回转轴和摆动轴的两坐标定位。基于电机直接驱动技术的双回转工作台通过引入机电控制系统精度补偿技术,使得其传动结构简单,传动方式平稳,工作定位精度高,数据响应快。在实际生产应用中,定位精度更是直接关系着生产产品的质量,企业长治久安的重要因素。本课题与广州珠江机床厂科研项目高速高精直驱式五轴联动数控机床附件关键技术攻关及应用相结合,针对企业生产应用的要求,以五轴数控机床工作台为研究对象,对五轴数控机床双轴回转工作台完成结构设计,展开对数控机床其定位误差精度补偿技术的设计与研究,主要研究内容如下：1、首先对五轴联动数控机床国内外研究现状的分析,了解工作台各驱动形式,引入机电自动控制系统建立精度补偿理论模型,为电机直驱式双轴回转工作台精度补偿提供理论基础；2、确定数控机床电机直驱式双轴回转工作台结构方案,然后通过solid-works建立五轴联动加工中心及工作台结构模型,最后根据性能参数进行整体结构设计；3、首先分析定位系统中的误差源,了解误差产生的原因和形式,找出影响系统定位精度的主要因素,然后通过MATLAB建立数控机床直驱式双轴回转工作台运动轨迹模型,为双轴回转工作台定位精度补偿技术建立可行性论述,最后通过MATLAB对其定位误差精度补偿仿真。通过综合运用了建模与仿真等知识,本文为电机直驱式双轴回转工作台定位误差精度补偿技术提供了一种可行的方法,具有一定的工程实用价值。
[Abstract]:With the development of manufacturing industry in our country, the demand of machining center is also increasing, especially the four-axis and five-axis linkage machining center. The research of five-axis CNC machine tool system has become the development trend of international CNC technology. As the highest realm of machine tool manufacturing industry, the five-axis CNC machine tool system reflects the industrial development level of a country in a sense. However, the level of equipment manufacturing industry in our country is still relatively low, the manufacturing ability and level differences among enterprises are uneven, the precision manufacturing technology is not mature, and the positioning accuracy of most five-axis CNC machine tools in our country still needs to be improved. As an important functional component of five-axis linkage, the direct-drive double-axis rotary worktable can realize the two-coordinate positioning of the rotating shaft and the swing shaft. The double rotary worktable based on motor direct drive technology introduces the precision compensation technology of electromechanical control system, which makes the transmission structure simple, the transmission mode stable, the working positioning accuracy high and the data response fast. In practical production and application, positioning accuracy is directly related to the quality of production products, the long-term stability of enterprises is an important factor. This subject is combined with the key technology research technology and application of high speed and high precision direct drive five-axis linkage CNC machine tool accessories in Guangzhou Pearl River Machine tool Factory. According to the requirements of enterprise production and application, the five-axis CNC machine tool worktable is taken as the research object. The structure design of two-axis rotary table of five-axis NC machine tool is completed, and the design and research of positioning error precision compensation technology of NC machine tool are carried out. the main research contents are as follows: 1, First of all, the research status of five-axis CNC machine tool at home and abroad is analyzed, the driving forms of worktable are understood, and the theoretical model of precision compensation is established by introducing electromechanical automatic control system. It provides a theoretical basis for the accuracy compensation of motor direct drive biaxial rotary table. 2. The structure scheme of the direct drive two-axis rotary worktable of NC machine tool is determined, and then the five-axis machining center and the structure model of the worktable are established by solid-works. Finally, the overall structure is designed according to the performance parameters. 3. Firstly, the error source in the positioning system is analyzed, the causes and forms of the error are understood, and the main factors that affect the positioning accuracy of the system are found out, and then the motion trajectory model of the direct drive two-axis rotary worktable of NC machine tool is established by MATLAB. The feasibility of positioning accuracy compensation technology for biaxial rotary worktable is discussed. Finally, the positioning error accuracy compensation simulation is carried out by MATLAB. Through the comprehensive application of modeling and simulation knowledge, this paper provides a feasible method for the positioning error accuracy compensation technology of motor direct-drive double-axis rotary worktable, and has certain engineering practical value.
【学位授予单位】：广东工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TG659

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