基于单片机的抛物槽式太阳能集热器跟踪系统设计

发布时间：2018-01-29 05:59

本文关键词： 抛物槽式单片机单轴跟踪系统　出处：《宁夏大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：本课题主要论述了抛物槽式太阳能自动跟踪系统的设计方法和制作调试。对自动跟踪控制系统的组成及其功能实现进行了详细的分析与研究。机械部分,抛物槽式太阳能自动跟踪系统通过单片机自动跟踪南北跟踪角,高度角可期手动进行调整,通过实验数据分析,保证了跟踪精度,验证了这种跟踪方式的可行性。在电控方面,设计完成了以单片机STC89C52为核心的硬件电路,它包括脉冲控制电路,DS1302时钟电路、LCD显示屏电路、驱动信号放大电路等。然后,根据视日运动轨迹算法,采用步进电机开环控制策略,以KeiluVision4为软件开发平台,编写了主控制程序、液晶显示程序、时钟程序、电机驱动等程序模块,并借助KeiluVision4和单片机仿真软件Proteus构建的虚拟实验室,实现软件和硬件的联调仿真。最终根据此设计,完成了实物的制作和调试。本文设计的单轴太阳能跟踪系统,采用单片机控制系统自动跟踪南北跟踪角,高度角可手动进行调整,使太阳能跟踪保持了较高的跟踪效果,克服了传统的单轴跟踪系统精度低的缺点,同时相比双驱动双向跟踪系统,具有成本低、易于维护等优点,经实验证明该系统遵循经济、高效、可靠、抗干扰能力强、易操作和维护的设计原则,对于太阳能利用的推广具有重要的现实指导意义。本设计考虑西北地区夏天阳光充足,双轴简化成单轴,在高度角的跟踪上进行合理的补偿,降低成本,完成精准跟踪,本文所述的单轴跟踪系统,结构简单,性价比高,特别适宜各种小型民用太阳能利用设备。
[Abstract]:This paper mainly discusses the design method and debugging of the parabolic slot solar energy automatic tracking system. The composition and function realization of the automatic tracking control system are analyzed and studied in detail. The parabolic slot type solar energy automatic tracking system automatically tracks the north-south tracking angle through the single chip microcomputer, the height angle can be manually adjusted, and the tracking accuracy is ensured through the analysis of the experimental data. The feasibility of this tracking method is verified. In electronic control, the hardware circuit based on MCU STC89C52 is designed and completed, which includes pulse control circuit DS1302 clock circuit. LCD display circuit, driving signal amplifying circuit and so on. Then, according to the algorithm of diurnal motion trajectory, the open-loop control strategy of stepper motor is adopted, and KeiluVision4 is used as the software development platform. The main control program, liquid crystal display program, clock program, motor drive and other program modules are written, and the virtual laboratory is constructed with the help of KeiluVision4 and microcontroller simulation software Proteus. Finally, according to this design, finished the production and debugging of the object. The single-axis solar tracking system designed in this paper, the single-chip microcomputer control system to automatically track the north-south tracking angle. The height angle can be adjusted manually, so that the solar tracking can keep a high tracking effect. It overcomes the shortcoming of the traditional single-axis tracking system with low precision. At the same time, compared with the dual-drive bidirectional tracking system, it has low cost. It is proved by experiments that the system follows the design principles of economy, high efficiency, reliability, strong anti-interference ability, easy operation and maintenance. For the promotion of solar energy utilization has an important practical significance. This design takes into account the abundant summer sunshine in the northwest region, the biaxial is simplified into a single axis, and reasonable compensation is made on the height angle tracking to reduce the cost. The single axis tracking system described in this paper is simple in structure and high in cost performance. It is especially suitable for various kinds of small civilian solar energy utilization equipment.
【学位授予单位】：宁夏大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TK513.1;TP368.12

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