基于低功耗协议和动态功率控制优化算法的Wi-Fi网卡驱动设计与实现

发布时间：2018-03-18 20:31

本文选题：802.11　切入点：低功耗功率控制　出处：《南京理工大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着Wi-Fi技术越来越普遍的应用,Wi-Fi无线网卡的节能问题慢慢得到人们的重视,而无线网卡传统的节能技术又往往不能保证网卡传输数据状态下的性能。针对这-技术瓶颈,本文设计了基于低功耗协议和动态功率控制优化算法的Wi-Fi网卡驱动。首先进行了低功耗驱动总体方案设计,在分析了Intel6200agn Wi-Fi网卡硬件架构和工作原理以及Windows网络结构下NDIS网络驱动基本结构的基础上,分三个层面设计开发了无线网卡驱动的固件驱动(fimware)和协议驱动基础框架。通过将低功耗优化协议和动态功率控制优化算法融合到固件层,提高了整体网卡驱动的性能,在协议驱动上添加与上层应用相关的查询设置环节,方便了开发者的调试和二次开发以及用户对设备的了解和使用。接着在网卡固件程序上完成了低功耗优化协议的设计。对802.11MAC层协议进行全面解析后,设计了兼容原始协议的二次握手机制。相对于原始协议在通信过程中只有一次RTS/CTS握手,二次握手协议为数据的低功耗传输建立了一个安全区域,不但不会影响第一次握手RTS/CTS所建立的保护区域,而且能将原始的信道分时复用工作机制转变为相对独立的多小区同时并用的工作机制,从而实现了吞吐量的提升和网络节点的低功耗工作的目的,克服了空间信道资源不足吞吐量无法上升的技术瓶颈和单纯降低所有信息包功耗而导致的互扰问题。在固件程序上还设计了动态功率控制优化算法的功率控制方案,将控制理论与通信理论融合起来,更好地实现了网卡节能。算法特色之处在于引入自定义的丢帧率和功率偏移量等通信质量参数进行合理计算分析,并将计算结果作为闭环反馈实时调整发射功率的等级。对比于原始Wi-Fi网卡驱动的相对恒定的发包功率设定,本文设计的低功耗驱动能够根据信道通信环境动态调整发射功率,实现传输的合理化和节能的最大化。最后,完成了驱动程序的编译安装调试工作,并根据测试结果进行程序完善,提高了兼容性和可靠性。最终实际调试结果表明,该方案下所设计的Wi-Fi网卡驱动程序具有低功耗高吞吐量的优良性能。
[Abstract]:Along with the more and more widespread application of Wi-Fi technology, the energy saving problem of Wi-Fi wireless network card has been paid more and more attention, but the traditional energy saving technology of wireless network card often can not guarantee the performance of the network card under the condition of transmitting data. In this paper, Wi-Fi driver based on low power protocol and dynamic power control optimization algorithm is designed. Firstly, the overall scheme of low power driver is designed. The hardware architecture and working principle of Intel6200agn Wi-Fi network card and the basic structure of NDIS network driver under Windows network structure are analyzed. The firmware driver of wireless network card (WNIC) and the basic framework of protocol driver are designed and developed in three layers. By integrating low power optimization protocol and dynamic power control optimization algorithm into firmware layer, the performance of the whole Nic driver is improved. Adding query setting link related to the upper application on the protocol driver, it is convenient for the developer to debug and secondary development and the user to understand and use the device. After analyzing the 802.11 MAC protocol, a secondary handshake mechanism compatible with the original protocol is designed. Compared with the original protocol, there is only one RTS/CTS handshake in the communication process. The secondary handshake protocol establishes a secure area for low power transmission of data, not only does it not affect the protection area established by the first handshake RTS/CTS, Moreover, the original channel time-sharing multiplexing mechanism can be transformed into a relatively independent multi-cell simultaneous working mechanism, which can achieve the purpose of improving throughput and low power consumption of network nodes. It overcomes the technical bottleneck of insufficient throughput of space channel resources and the problem of mutual interference caused by reducing the power consumption of all packets. In the firmware program, the power control scheme of the dynamic power control optimization algorithm is also designed, which combines the control theory with the communication theory. The characteristic of the algorithm lies in the introduction of self-defined frame loss rate and power offset and other communication quality parameters for reasonable calculation and analysis. The calculation results are used as closed-loop feedback to adjust the transmission power level in real time. Compared with the relatively constant packet power setting of the original Wi-Fi network card driver, the low-power driver designed in this paper can dynamically adjust the transmission power according to the channel communication environment. Realize the rationalization of transmission and the maximization of energy saving. Finally, the compilation, installation and debugging of the driver are completed, and the program is perfected according to the test results, which improves the compatibility and reliability. Finally, the actual debugging results show that, The Wi-Fi network card driver designed under this scheme has good performance of low power consumption and high throughput.
【学位授予单位】：南京理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TP334.7

【参考文献】