基于嵌入式技术的电针仪研制

发布时间：2018-05-10 15:40

本文选题：针灸 + 单片机　；参考：《广东工业大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着低成本医疗和健康技术概念的提出,近年来各医学科研机构高度重视在非药物治疗技术方面的研究成果。而起源于我国的针灸,就是其中一项热门技术。它本身具有许多优点：自然的疗法、作用独特、可以治疗令许多西医束手无措的疾病、操作容易、无副作用。然而传统的灸疗常会发生弯针、折针、晕针等不正常现象；还有许多不易针刺的穴位如神阙、乳中等；更重要的是传统金属针具稍有不慎就有可能造成血液传染。现代针灸治疗仪器,许多都是基于传统中医理论基础,再与计算机、微电子等多种技术结合开发的功能全面强大的智能化仪器,以无感染、无痛、无明显禁忌穴、不晕针等优点开始被广泛的应用于临床治疗上。本文研究的新型针灸治疗仪基于单片机平台并与脑电生物反馈原理和多模式调制脉宽技术相结合,具有许多传统针灸治疗仪无法比拟的优点,性能完善、智能、便捷,也弥补了通过简单电子电路控制输出固定规律的脉冲刺激会使患者的耐受性加强的不足。在对针灸、脑电生物反馈疗法和多模式调制脉宽技术的产生和发展、现状及存在的问题的介绍后,本文对目前市场上常见的几种针灸治疗仪进行了研究分析,针对不足之处,再结合微电子技术和脑电生物反馈技术,最终完成软件、硬件部分的设计和实现。概括来讲,首先是将各种数字格式存储的数据,通过TLV5616数模转换芯片,将其转换成模拟信号,再经过采样电路,调制输出的脉冲宽度,输出多种医疗脉冲,包括常见的医疗脉冲如锯齿波、连续波、断续波等,还有睡眠脑电信号——δ波和θ波,还可以输出音乐脉冲。其中,睡眠脑电信号——δ波和θ波是采用小波变换算法从采集的EEG脑电数字信号中提取的。这些脉冲具有以下优点：脉冲频率不固定,脉宽和脉冲幅度可通过工作参数调节。实验表明该治疗仪输出的医疗脉冲,满足相关的医疗实验及安全保障。整个治疗仪硬件电路简洁、功耗低、可靠性高,支持USB数据传输、声光报警、多路输出接口。这些功能都是以往同类型治疗仪所不具备的,而且该治疗仪人机交互界面友好、操作方便、人性化,有广泛的应用前景。
[Abstract]:With the introduction of the concept of low-cost medical and health technology, medical research institutions have attached great importance to the research results of non-drug treatment technology in recent years. Acupuncture, which originated in China, is one of the most popular technologies. It has many advantages: natural therapy, unique role, can treat many Western medicine bewildered diseases, easy to operate, no side effects. However, the traditional moxibustion therapy often produces abnormal phenomena such as bending needle, folding needle, halo needle and so on; there are also many acupoints that are not easy to be needled, such as Shenque, milk medium; more importantly, if the traditional metal needle is slightly careless, it may cause blood infection. Many of the modern acupuncture and moxibustion therapy instruments are based on the traditional Chinese medicine theory and are developed in combination with computer, microelectronics and other technologies. They have a comprehensive and powerful intelligence instrument with no infection, no pain, no obvious contraindications. Non-halo needle and other advantages began to be widely used in clinical treatment. The new type of acupuncture and moxibustion therapeutic instrument studied in this paper is based on single chip microcomputer and combines with EEG biofeedback principle and multi-mode modulation pulse width technology. It has many advantages that can not be compared with the traditional acupuncture and moxibustion therapeutic instrument. It has perfect performance, intelligence and convenience. It also makes up for the deficiency that pulse stimulation controlled by simple electronic circuit can enhance patient's tolerance. After introducing the emergence, development, present situation and existing problems of acupuncture, EEG biofeedback therapy and multi-mode modulation pulse width technology, this paper studies and analyzes several kinds of acupuncture and moxibustion therapy instruments that are common in the market at present, aiming at the shortcomings. Finally, the software and hardware are designed and implemented with microelectronics and EEG biofeedback technology. To sum up, the first step is to convert the data stored in various digital formats into analog signals through the TLV5616 digital-to-analog conversion chip, and then, through sampling circuits, to modulate the pulse width of the output and output a variety of medical pulses. These include common medical pulses such as sawtooth waves, continuous waves, intermittent waves, and sleep EEG-未 and 胃 waves, as well as music pulses. Among them, sleep EEG-未 wave and 胃 wave are extracted from the collected EEG EEG digital signal by wavelet transform algorithm. These pulses have the following advantages: pulse frequency is not fixed, pulse width and pulse amplitude can be adjusted by working parameters. The experiment shows that the medical pulse output by the instrument can meet the needs of medical experiment and safety. The hardware circuit of the whole therapeutic instrument is simple, low power consumption, high reliability, supporting USB data transmission, acousto-optic alarm, and multi-output interface. These functions are not possessed by the same type of therapeutic instrument in the past, and the machine has a friendly interface, convenient operation, humanization, and has a wide application prospect.
【学位授予单位】：广东工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：R245-33;TP368.1

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