基于微内核虚拟化的设备驱动研究与优化

发布时间：2018-05-16 08:42

本文选题：嵌入式 + 虚拟化　；参考：《华中科技大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着嵌入式设备的广泛应用，用户对其要求也越来越高，其资源利用率问题越来越明显。日趋复杂的嵌入式系统，其高效性、安全性、可靠性等如何实现的难题，使得面向嵌入式的虚拟化解决方案成为了研究的热点。设备虚拟化作为虚拟化解决方案的重点，同时也是决定性能的关键因素，更是可靠性的决策因素。在比较与分析现有的设备驱动模型的基础上，指出了各技术方案的优缺点及适用场合。针对嵌入式设备对虚拟化的特殊要求，引进了L4/Fiasco微内核作为虚拟化平台，并在Client/Server设计模式的基础上给出了一种新的虚拟设备驱动优化方案，从可靠性、安全性、高效性和可移植性四个方面设计并优化了设备驱动，通过对服务模块作更小粒度的功能细分来降低服务模块与应用程序、硬件设备的耦合度，简化Client/Server驱动设计提高可移植性，另外还设计了Server快速恢复机制来增强系统的可靠性；利用微内核提供的能力机制设计权限访问来提高系统安全性；在微内核提供高效IPC机制前提下，利用地址映射实现共享内存传递数据，简化Client/Server服务通信的路径，减少数据拷贝的次数，实现了大数据量的快速传递，提高系统的效率。最后以NANDFLASH设备为例，对方案进行了驱动优化，并在Devkit8000平台下，通过几个测试用例，验证了其功能及性能。实验结果表明不仅实现了微内核架构中多虚拟机间驱动共享的功能，，而且提供了高效、安全、可靠的虚拟设备服务。
[Abstract]:With the wide application of embedded devices, users are demanding more and more, and the problem of resource utilization is becoming more and more obvious. The increasingly complex embedded system, its high efficiency, security, reliability and other problems how to achieve, makes the embedded virtualization solution has become a hot spot. As the focus of virtualization solution, device virtualization is also a key factor to determine performance and reliability. Based on the comparison and analysis of the existing device driver models, the advantages and disadvantages of each technical scheme and its application are pointed out. According to the special requirements of embedded devices for virtualization, the L4/Fiasco microkernel is introduced as the virtualization platform, and a new scheme of virtual device driver optimization based on Client/Server design pattern is presented, which is based on reliability and security. This paper designs and optimizes the device driver in four aspects: high efficiency and portability. By subdividing the service module with smaller granularity, it reduces the coupling degree between the service module and the application program, simplifies the design of Client/Server driver and improves the portability. In addition, the Server fast recovery mechanism is designed to enhance the reliability of the system; the ability mechanism provided by the microkernel is used to design permission access to improve the security of the system; and the micro-kernel provides an efficient IPC mechanism. Using address mapping to realize shared memory transfer data, simplify the path of Client/Server service communication, reduce the number of data copies, realize the fast transfer of large amount of data, and improve the efficiency of the system. Finally, taking NANDFLASH equipment as an example, the scheme is optimized, and its function and performance are verified by several test cases on Devkit8000 platform. The experimental results show that it not only realizes the function of driver sharing among multi-virtual machines in the micro-kernel architecture, but also provides efficient, secure and reliable virtual device services.
【学位授予单位】：华中科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：TP368.1

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