基于FPGA的激光气体分析仪的数据处理及数据通信

发布时间：2018-05-29 08:28

本文选题：FPGA + 信号采样　；参考：《北京交通大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：为了改进激光气体分析仪,本论文在AD采样选用了AD7862高速、低功耗、双核12位模数转换器,在FPGA中实现了一个能够取代单片机控制AD转换的AD控制器,并对转换后的数字信号进行工业中常用的中位值平均滤波处理,使得被测气体的浓度值更加准确。在单片机处理数据之后提出了其与PC机之间的串行通信,使得激光气体分析仪网络化。根据AD7862的工作原理及工作时序,在ISE软件中用Verilog语言设计该控制器,设计采用有限状态机的方式,然后在ISE软件中建立它的测试平台,用测试向量来激励所设计的控制器,判断设计的控制器是否合理；根据中位值平均滤波的方法,在ISE软件中用VHDL语言设计该滤波器,设计采用流水线的方式,然后在TSE软件中建立它的测试平台,用测试向量来激励所设计的滤波器,判断设计的滤波器是否合理；在Proteus软件里设计实现PC机和AT89C51间的串口通信,下位机AT89C51由Proteus设计的仿真电路代替,即用纯软件来完成二者的通信,用串口调试助手SComAssistant V2.1实现PC机软件,用汇编语言实现单片机的软件。 AD7862控制器用ISE自带的ModelSim仿真,仿真图完全符合该芯片转换的要求；滤波模块同样用ModelSim仿真,仿真图与该滤波方法稳合,而且适于任何气体浓度的数据；单片机和PC机通信中,单片机给PC传送数据,在虚拟终端显示数据,PC机给单片机传送数据,同样在虚拟终端显示,而且回传给PC机；分析了两者间相互通信在气体分析仪中的实际应用。通过三方面的改进,激光气体分析仪能够测出更加准确的气体浓度值,以便采取更好的措施来保护我们的生存环境。
[Abstract]:In order to improve the laser gas analyzer, this paper selects AD7862 high-speed, low-power, dual-core 12-bit A / D converter in AD sampling, and realizes an AD controller in FPGA which can replace single chip microcomputer to control AD conversion. The converted digital signal is processed by the average median value which is commonly used in industry, which makes the measured gas concentration more accurate. The serial communication between singlechip and PC is put forward after processing the data, which makes the laser gas analyzer networked. According to the working principle and working sequence of AD7862, the controller is designed with Verilog language in ISE software, and the finite state machine is used to design the controller. Then, the test platform is established in ISE software, and the designed controller is excited by test vector. According to the method of median average filter, the filter is designed with VHDL language in ISE software, and the pipeline mode is used to design the filter, and then the test platform is established in TSE software. The test vector is used to excite the designed filter to determine whether the designed filter is reasonable or not, the serial port communication between PC and AT89C51 is realized in Proteus software, and the AT89C51 of lower computer is replaced by the simulation circuit designed by Proteus. That is, using pure software to complete the communication between them, using serial port debugging assistant SComAssistant V2.1 to realize the PC software, and using assembly language to realize the software of single-chip computer. The AD7862 controller is simulated by ModelSim with ISE, and the simulation diagram completely meets the requirements of the chip conversion. The filter module is also simulated by ModelSim, and the simulation diagram is stable with the filtering method, and it is suitable for the data of any gas concentration. The single chip computer transmits data to PC, and the PC computer transmits data to single chip computer in virtual terminal, which is also displayed in virtual terminal and transmitted back to PC, and the practical application of communication between them in gas analyzer is analyzed. Through the improvement in three aspects, the laser gas analyzer can measure the gas concentration more accurately in order to take better measures to protect our living environment.
【学位授予单位】：北京交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：TP368.1;TP274

【参考文献】