嵌入式系统底层片级到系统级软件能耗建模与分析

发布时间：2018-06-21 02:31

本文选题：嵌入式系统 + 软件能耗建模　；参考：《四川师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着计算机技术的高速发展,嵌入式系统的性能也不断提高,嵌入式设备渗透到了人们生活生产的方方面面。其不仅应用于通信、金融、交通、医疗、仪器仪表、制造业控制等民用领域,还应用于航天航空和军事装备领域。由于嵌入式系统的广泛应用,它在应用中所产生的能耗会给信息与通信技术行业以及社会环境带来不良影响。针对此问题,本文就嵌入式系统能耗角度考虑,对其中相关的三个层级进行能耗估算模型的建立与分析。嵌入式系统是针对特定功能而开发的计算机系统,是一个软硬件结合的综合系统,它的硬件组成与软件组成是不能分割的。对于嵌入式系统的能耗分析研究,需要分别从硬件能耗、软件能耗以及硬件与软件的相关性等多方面对系统进行研究。本文对硬件层结构以及与硬件层相关的软件层的主要功能进行逐层分析,研究底层的片级能耗以及与硬件相关的BSP级和驱动级能耗,完成了以下工作:1.研究分析了嵌入式系统的硬件组成结构和软件体系结构,并对硬件层和软件层的能耗相关研究工作进行了分类综述。2.建立了基于传统的Petri网的片级能耗模型。在满足系统性能度量指标条件下的片级硬件结构模型中,将硬件功能模块划分为处理器、存储器、输入输出和外设四个功能模块,分析各功能模块之间在工作模式下所产生的能耗量。3.建立了BSP级和驱动级的能耗模型,并以LCD为例分别进行了能耗估算。首先分析了板级支持包BSP对硬件设备的初始化工作,并将各初始化状态抽象成状态连通图,分析出各初始化阶段产生的能耗与初始化程序、初始化时间有关,建立了BSP级的能耗模型;其次以字符设备为例分析了驱动程序中的I/O服务程序、设备驱动子程序、中断服务程序,建立驱动级的能耗模型;最后分别对两者进行能耗估算实验。4.建立了底层片级到系统级总能耗模型。联系层级之间的关系,建立了总的结构模型,并以LCD的驱动流程为例,对其过程产生的能耗进行估算;然后将能耗模型估算结果与能耗模拟器结果进行对比实验,实验结果证明了模型估算的有效性。总结以上的研究工作内容,分析了嵌入式系统与硬件相关层级对硬件设备产生能耗的过程,建立了三层级的总能耗模型,通过实验结果分析,达到了将抽象的系统能耗具体化的基本目的。在此基础上,对源程序进行了能耗优化与分析。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of computer technology, the performance of the embedded system is also rising, embedded devices penetrated into people's lives and production aspects. It is not only used in communications, finance, transportation, medical, instrumentation, manufacturing industry control fields, also used in aerospace and military equipment field. Because of the embedded system Widely used in the application of the energy it produces will give information and communication technology industry and the social environment adversely affected. Aiming at this problem, in this paper, the energy consumption of embedded system point of view, the establishment and analysis of the three levels of the energy consumption estimation model. The embedded system is a specific function and development plan The computer system is an integrated system of hardware and software, the hardware and software composition are inseparable. The energy consumption of embedded system needs analysis, separately from the hardware and software of energy consumption, energy consumption of hardware and software related and other aspects of the system to research. In this paper the hardware structure and layer the hardware layer The main function of the software layer by layer analysis of the underlying level of energy consumption and related hardware BSP level and driver level energy consumption, complete the following work: 1. research and analysis of embedded system hardware and software architecture, and the hardware layer and the software layer of energy related research work the comprehensive classification The.2. established a chip level energy consumption model based on the traditional Petri network. Chip level hardware structure model to meet system performance metrics under the condition, the hardware function modules for the processor, memory, input and output peripherals four function modules, analysis of energy consumption of each function module in.3. between work mode the establishment of The energy consumption model BSP level and driver level, and in the case of LCD were the estimation of energy consumption is analyzed. BSP board support package for hardware initialization, and the initialization state into the abstract state graph, analysis of energy consumption and the initial program the initialization phase, the initialization time, the establishment of the BSP class Energy model; secondly, as an example to analyze the character of the device driver in the I/O service program, device driver subroutine, interrupt service program, the establishment of driving model of energy consumption level; finally carried respectively experimental estimation of energy consumption.4. established the bottom sheet level to system level model. The total energy consumption level relations between the establishment of a total the knot Constitutive model, and the driver of the LCD process as an example, the process of energy consumption was estimated; then the results were compared with the energy consumption simulator experimental energy consumption estimation model, the experimental results proved the validity of the model estimate. Summarizes the research work mentioned above, analysis of the embedded system and related hardware level of hardware equipment The process of energy consumption, the total energy consumption of three level model is established, through the analysis of experimental results, to achieve the basic purpose of the system energy from abstract to concrete. On this basis, the source program is optimized and analyzed the energy consumption.
【学位授予单位】：四川师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TP368.1;TP301.1

【参考文献】