复杂型面非接触式三维扫描与建模研究

发布时间：2018-06-26 09:04

本文选题：复杂型面 + 三维扫描　；参考：《华东理工大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着测量技术的不断发展,非接触式三维扫描仪已广泛应用于产品改型、文物复制、和医疗诊断等领域。它能够快速地获取物体的三维点云数据,利用建模软件的数据合并、特征提取和曲面拟合等功能进行数据处理,重建物体的三维模型。本文主要致力于提高非接触式三维扫描系统的扫描精度和速度,提出了针对不同复杂型面的扫描和建模方法,更好地满足了高精度、高效率以及适合各种曲面的数字化应用需求。三维扫描系统结构参数的偏差会导致测量坐标不精确,本文对三角测量原理和相机镜头畸变原理进行研究,通过修正镜头畸变提高扫描精度。为减少手动旋转被测物体所带来的误差,本文设计了两轴回转系统,通过与三维扫描仪配合使用,快速、准确的获取与实际物体最为近似的点云数据,实现了扫描的定量化操作。某些无法避免的外部因素,使扫描过程中产生了大量的点云数据和噪声点,为后续建模增加了难度。本文在对硬质合金可转位刀片建模过程中,通过研究ICP算法原理和NURBS曲面生成原理,在Geomagic Studio点阶段对点云数据进行噪声去除、数据精简和点云拼接等处理；多边形和形状阶段将处理后的点云数据转化为一个理想的曲面模型；制作阶段通过特征提取提高产品的设计效率,完善产品的性能分析。
[Abstract]:With the development of measurement technology, contactless 3D scanners have been widely used in the fields of product modification, cultural relic reproduction, medical diagnosis and so on. It can quickly acquire the 3D point cloud data of the object and reconstruct the 3D model of the object by using the functions of data merging feature extraction and surface fitting of the modeling software. In this paper, the scanning accuracy and speed of the contactless 3D scanning system are improved, and the scanning and modeling methods for different complex surfaces are proposed, which can better meet the high accuracy. High efficiency and suitable for digital applications of various surfaces. The deviation of structural parameters of 3D scanning system will lead to the imprecision of measuring coordinate. In this paper, the principle of triangulation and camera lens distortion is studied, and the scanning accuracy is improved by correcting lens distortion. In order to reduce the error caused by the manual rotation of the measured object, a two-axis rotary system is designed in this paper. Through the use of the 3D scanner, the point cloud data which is the closest to the actual object can be obtained quickly and accurately. The quantitative operation of scanning is realized. Some unavoidable external factors make the scanning process produce a lot of point cloud data and noise points, which makes the subsequent modeling more difficult. In this paper, in the process of modeling cemented carbide indexable inserts, by studying the principle of ICP algorithm and Nurbs surface generation, the point cloud data are removed, data reduced and point cloud splicing are processed in Geomagic Studio. The polygon and shape phase transform the processed point cloud data into an ideal curved surface model, and improve the design efficiency and performance analysis of the product by feature extraction in the production stage.
【学位授予单位】：华东理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：TP391.41;TP334.22

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