考虑需求不确定的废弃电脑回收物流优化模型研究

发布时间：2018-08-27 07:46

【摘要】：如今,伴随我国科技飞速发展,电脑等电子类产品更新换代速度不断加快,从而导致其淘汰率也不断提升,政府等企事业单位也随之产生大量的废弃电脑,由于企事业单位的电脑涉及到企业的机密,所以需要正规的回收单位进行统一的回收处理。如果处理不当,会给企事业单位以及环境造成巨大的危害。为了减少废弃电脑带给环境和人们生活的负面影响,可以对废弃电脑进行回收,这样既可以使有用材料、零件得到再利用,还可以降低电子垃圾污染,实现资源的充分循环利用,这也是我国大力建设资源节约型社会、发展循环经济的目标。目前,国外大多数的发达国家已经对废弃电脑的回收处理水平已经相对完善,然而我国对废弃电子产品的管理起步较晚,目前无论从管理政策、管理机构、处理技术水平的研究,以及建设处理设施等方面依然存在很多不足。所以,面对每年我国企事业单位产生的数量巨大的废弃电脑等电子产品,加强对其回收过程管理规范化,处理无害化对改善我们生活环境,防止污染,建设生态文明型社会具有重要的意义。本文通过对我国企事业单位废弃电脑的回收处理现状的研究,全面分析废弃电脑等电子废弃物的分布情况,并对企事业单位废弃电脑产生量做出预测。借鉴国外先进的废弃电脑的回收处理模式设计出与我国废弃电脑回收相符合的逆向物流网络。同时本文对废弃电脑的回收网络回收过程中的回收／拆卸站、维修站和处理站进行设施选址。在废弃电脑需求数量确定和不确定两种情况下,实现回收物流网络总利润最大化的物流优化模型。利用机会约束对随机规划模型进行转化,本文建立的均为混合整数规划模型,全部使用IBM ILOG CPLEX V12.4进行求解,并进行算例仿真和分析。
[Abstract]:Nowadays, with the rapid development of science and technology in our country, the speed of upgrading electronic products such as computers has been continuously accelerated, which has led to a continuous increase in the rate of elimination, and a large number of abandoned computers have also been produced by enterprises and institutions such as the government. Because the computers of enterprises and institutions involve the secrets of enterprises, they need regular recycling units to carry out unified recycling. If it is not handled properly, it will cause great harm to enterprises and institutions as well as to the environment. To reduce the negative impact of waste computers on the environment and people's lives, waste computers can be recycled so that useful materials and parts can be reused and electronic waste pollution can be reduced. It is also the goal of our country to construct a resource-conserving society and to develop a circular economy. At present, most developed countries abroad have relatively perfect the level of recycling and disposal of discarded computers. However, the management of discarded electronic products has started relatively late in our country. There are still many deficiencies in the research of processing technology level and the construction of treatment facilities. Therefore, in the face of the huge number of discarded computers and other electronic products produced by enterprises and institutions in China every year, it is necessary to strengthen the standardization of the management of the recycling process and to deal with innocuity to improve our living environment and prevent pollution. It is of great significance to build an ecological civilization society. In this paper, the present situation of recycling and disposal of discarded computers in enterprises and institutions in China is studied, and the distribution of electronic wastes such as discarded computers is analyzed in an all-round way, and the production of discarded computers in enterprises and institutions is forecasted. The reverse logistics network which accords with the recycling of waste computers in China is designed for reference to the advanced recycling mode of waste computers in foreign countries. At the same time, this paper selects the facilities of the recovery / disassembly station, maintenance station and processing station in the recycling process of the waste computer. In this paper, the logistics optimization model of maximizing the total profit of recycling logistics network is proposed under the condition of determining the quantity of waste computer demand and uncertain. The stochastic programming model is transformed by chance constraint. All the models in this paper are mixed integer programming models. All of them are solved by IBM ILOG CPLEX V12.4, and the simulation and analysis are carried out.
【学位授予单位】：东北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F426.671;F713.2

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