半自动闭塞控制信息数字化传输系统的设计与实现

发布时间：2018-10-11 08:40

【摘要】：哈尔滨铁路局管辖内存在大量的半自动闭塞区段，而且闭塞外线绝大多数采用架空明线，存在超期服役、故障率高、维护难度大、影响行车安全等诸多问题。本文在综合分析、比较国内外站间闭塞信息传输技术的基础上，提出采用光通信技术替代原始的架空明线，并研究用于站间控制信息传输的传输设备。站间安全信息传输工作原理很简单，就是由源站传输设备采集本地相关信息条件后，通过站间光通道传送到目的站，目的站传输设备根据接收到的站间信息对应输出相应条件。站间安全信息传输属于功能安全范畴，信息的采集和驱动易于实现，而保证传递的信息一致性更为重要。因此，本文重点对传输设备的软硬件可靠性问题展开了研究和设计工作。在硬件设计方面，为了保证信息传输、处理和响应时间（包括执行通信接口协议），对硬件开发平台进行了比选，提出了采用真正能独立工作的片上系统——C8051F060单片机作为硬件开发平台。由于该系统较之传统的8051在性能上有了全面的提升，具有片内资源丰富、配置灵活和高速指令处理能力的优势，，为提高控制信息的传输速度提供了有力的保障。另外，在系统的可靠性、可用性、可维护性及安全性方面采取了一些必要措施。其中，在可靠性方面，传输设备中采用的所有元器件均采用工业级以上，采集、驱动及通信电路均采用有多年运用经验的成熟电路；在可用性方面，传输设备采用双机热备冗余结构，主机与备机并行输出，共同驱动继电器，站间通道采用冗余通道；在可维护性方面，传输设备设计成由多个支持热插拔单元板卡构成，并具有自诊断和辅助维护功能；在安全性方面，采取了双CPU硬件结构，采集信息源、输出驱动源均采用动态脉冲，并按“二取二”原则输出，驱动执行单元采用了“安全与”电路。在软件设计方面，由于信息传输设备间信息传递的通道为独立光纤通道或2M通道，属于封闭式传输系统中的安全通信范畴。因此，本文采用了时间戳、超时检查、源标识符SID识别、接收错误时反馈消息及32位CRC循环冗余校验和32位系统检测字双重校验等安全防御技术。有效地克服了数据接收时可能出现的数据帧重复、数据帧丢失、数据帧插入、数据帧次序混乱、数据帧错误及数据帧传输超时等六种安全威胁，保证了控制信息的功能安全。在数据通信安全层，采用了运基信号[2010]267号《铁路信号安全通信协议技术规范》中《铁路信号安全通信协议-I（RSSP-I）》的安全协议，保证了设备具有良好的互联互通能力。
[Abstract]:There are a large number of semi-automatic block sections within the jurisdiction of Harbin Railway Administration, and most of the blocked exterior lines use overhead open lines, which have many problems, such as excessive service, high failure rate, great difficulty in maintenance, affecting the safety of driving, and so on. On the basis of comprehensive analysis and comparison of interstation block information transmission technology at home and abroad, this paper proposes to use optical communication technology to replace the original overhead open line, and to study the transmission equipment used to control the transmission of information between stations. The principle of inter-station security information transmission is very simple, that is, after the source station transmission equipment collects the local relevant information condition, it is transmitted to the destination station through the inter-station optical channel, and the destination station transmission device outputs the corresponding condition according to the received inter-station information. Inter-station security information transmission belongs to the category of functional security, the collection and drive of information is easy to realize, and it is more important to ensure the consistency of the transmitted information. Therefore, this paper focuses on the hardware and software reliability of transmission equipment research and design work. In the aspect of hardware design, in order to ensure information transmission, processing and response time (including executing communication interface protocol), the hardware development platform is compared. C8051F060 single chip microcomputer, which can work independently, is used as hardware development platform. Compared with the traditional 8051, the system has the advantages of comprehensive performance, abundant in-chip resources, flexible configuration and high speed instruction processing capacity, which provides a powerful guarantee for improving the transmission speed of control information. In addition, some necessary measures are taken in reliability, availability, maintainability and security of the system. Among them, in terms of reliability, all the components used in the transmission equipment are of industrial grade or above, and the acquisition, drive and communication circuits are all mature circuits with many years of application experience; in terms of availability, The transmission equipment adopts the double machine hot standby redundant structure, the main engine and the standby machine parallel output, drives the relay together, the interstation passage uses the redundant channel; in the maintainability aspect, the transmission equipment is designed to be composed of several supporting hot plug and pull out unit board cards, It has the function of self-diagnosis and auxiliary maintenance, and in the aspect of security, it adopts double CPU hardware structure, collects information source, outputs the driving source with dynamic pulse, and outputs according to the principle of "two get two". The driver executive unit uses the "safe and" circuit. In the aspect of software design, the channel of information transmission equipment is independent fiber channel or 2m channel, which belongs to the category of secure communication in closed transmission system. Therefore, security defense techniques such as timestamp, timeout checking, source identifier SID identification, feedback message when receiving errors, 32 bit CRC cyclic redundancy check and 32 bit system detection word double check are used in this paper. It effectively overcomes six kinds of security threats, such as data frame duplication, data frame loss, data frame insertion, data frame order confusion, data frame error and data frame transmission timeout, which can ensure the function security of control information. In the security layer of data communication, the security protocol of railway signal security communication protocol I (RSSP-I) in the transport base signal [2010] 267 (Railway signal Security Communication Protocol) is adopted, which ensures the equipment has good ability of interconnection and interworking.
【学位授予单位】：上海交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：TP273;TP368.12

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