双机热备份综合导航显控装置的设计与实现

发布时间：2018-10-13 17:30

【摘要】：随着导航系统的升级，对现有综合导航显控装置的可靠性提出了更高的要求，以防止因为综合导航显控装置的故障造成导航数据无法向外系统发送的情况。本课题通过双机热备份技术来提高现有综合导航显控装置的可靠性，满足现实需要。双机热备份技术是容错技术的一种，采用双机相同的硬件结构，备份模块与主模块同步工作，随时准备替换主模块进行工作。我国已经设计出具有容错功能的设备，但相对于国际水平仍具有一定差距。本课题在对现有双机容错技术的分析基础之上，总结了双机热备份系统的特点，并且提出了对应用软件独立开发的余度管理系统的需求。同时对余度管理系统的接口功能进行分析，给出了通过余度管理系统设计双机热备份应用软件系统的3种通用结构。双机并联系统的优点是通过双机比较发现相对故障容易，通过N版本技术开发，可以对软件故障进行容错。双机并联方式软件结构对现有系统的软件结构改变最小，即使双机都采用相同的软件结构，也可以形成双机热备份系统，一旦将来第二种版本软件开发成功，可立即投入双机系统中实现新老版本程序共同使用，可降低新版本未经全面测试的潜在故障对系统的影响，非常适合本课题的开发。因此，本课题在最终的实现上，也采用了这种双机并联方式的热备份结构。本课题设计的余度管理系统用于实现双机热备份的功能，可以针对同一类型的双机热备份系统重复使用，还可以根据具体项目开发的需要，对已经实现的余度管理系统进行扩展，使应用范围更加广泛。在余度管理系统的设计上本课题考虑了平台的通用性，只要在VxWorks5.5嵌入式实时操作系统下，拥有反射内存卡的所有硬件环境中皆可以应用，即使用户使用的反射内存卡型号与设计中的不一样，只要对余度管理系统的硬件驱动部分进行修改即可以使用。课题详细地分析了余度管理系统结合应用软件开发过程中的一些通用原理，对应用余度管理系统进行实际项目开发提供了指导思想。在对已有的综合导航显控装置简化的基础之上，设计了双机热备份综合导航显控装置，该装置具备了现有综合导航装置的一般特点，可以在实际开发设备时，，把双机热备份功能设计作为一个参考。最后，对实现的双机热备份综合导航显控装置的性能进行了测试，双机系统的性能与单机系统相同，并且在各单机模块出现故障时，可以在一个运行周期之内发现并且屏蔽故障，显著地提高了显控设备的可靠性。
[Abstract]:With the upgrading of the navigation system, the reliability of the existing integrated navigation display and control device is required to prevent the navigation data from being transmitted to the external system due to the failure of the integrated navigation display and control device. This paper improves the reliability of the existing integrated navigation display and control device by using the dual computer hot backup technology to meet the practical needs. The dual computer hot backup technology is one of the fault-tolerant technologies. It adopts the same hardware structure of the two computers, the backup module works synchronously with the main module, and it is ready to replace the main module at any time. China has designed fault-tolerant equipment, but there is still a certain gap compared with the international level. Based on the analysis of the existing dual computer fault tolerant technology, this paper summarizes the characteristics of the dual computer hot backup system, and puts forward the requirement of the redundant management system which is developed independently by the application software. At the same time, the interface function of the redundancy management system is analyzed, and three general structures of the dual computer hot backup application software system designed by the redundancy management system are presented. The advantage of the dual-machine parallel system is that it is easy to find the relative fault through the comparison of the two computers, and the software fault can be fault-tolerant through the development of the N-version technology. The software structure of the two-machine parallel mode has the smallest change to the software structure of the existing system. Even if both computers adopt the same software structure, it can also form a dual-machine hot backup system. Once the second version of the software is successfully developed in the future, It can be put into the dual computer system immediately to realize the common use of the new and old versions of the program, can reduce the potential failure of the new version of the system without comprehensive testing, which is very suitable for the development of this subject. Therefore, in the final implementation, this paper also adopts the hot backup structure of two-machine parallel mode. The redundancy management system designed in this paper is used to realize the function of dual computer hot backup. It can be used repeatedly for the same type of hot backup system, and can also be developed according to the needs of specific projects. The redundancy management system has been extended to make the scope of application more extensive. In the design of redundancy management system, this subject considers the universality of the platform, as long as in the VxWorks5.5 embedded real-time operating system, all hardware environments with reflective memory card can be applied. Even if the type of reflective memory card used by the user is different from that in the design, it can be used simply by modifying the hardware driver of the redundancy management system. This paper analyzes in detail some general principles of the redundancy management system combined with the application software development, and provides the guiding idea for the application of the redundancy management system in the actual project development. Based on the simplification of the existing integrated navigation display and control device, a dual-machine hot backup integrated navigation display and control device is designed. The device has the general characteristics of the existing integrated navigation device and can be used in the actual development of the equipment. Double-machine hot backup function design as a reference. Finally, the performance of the dual computer hot backup integrated navigation display and control device is tested. The performance of the dual computer system is the same as that of the single machine system, and the performance of the dual computer system is the same as that of the single machine system. Faults can be detected and shielded in one operation cycle, which significantly improves the reliability of display and control equipment.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工程大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：TP302.8;TP273

【相似文献】