DNA计算在DNA密码中的应用研究
发布时间：2018-10-17 14:02
【摘要】：DNA计算是近年来迅速发展起来的新型计算技术,以前我们只是单纯的把现实模型转换为数学模型来求解,但是现在DNA计算给我们的疑难数学问题又提供了一个便捷的解决方式,它把抽象的数学问题形象化的转为生物问题,从另-个角度来解决数学问题的计算方法,DNA计算是根据DNA分子的双螺旋结构和碱基互补配对原则,首先将要处理的数学问题转化成已编码的特定的DNA分子,然后通过然后通过酶的作用,得到各种数据,然后聚合酶链式反应(PCR)、超声波降解、聚合重叠放大技术(POA)、电泳、分子纯化等现代分子生物技术手段获得运算结果；最后通过测序等方法解读计算结果。 DNA计算的核心问题是将已知信息进行标记然后打乱放入被编码的DNA序列中,在经过一定时间内所完成生物化学反应,使得可以从反应后的产物及溶液中能得到全部的解空间。而且因为DNA分子具有生物算法的高度的并行性和其贮存的容量非常可观且耗能极少,因此DNA计算机与常规电子计算机相比,是具有其独特的优势的,这使得DNA计算比起己知的计算方式更具有优势。 DNA密码是近年来才出现的密码新领域,它比已知的密码更具有保密性,它是建立在DNA计算的基础上出现的。DNA密码是以DNA分子做为信息载体,使用现代生物技术来挖掘DNA分子带有的存储容量大和高度并行性及低耗能等优点,实现分析、加密、认证等密码学功能。 在密码发展史上,我们知道出现过古典密码、近代密码、现代密码,随着密码的发展,各宗密码的有缺点已经了然于心,但是随着密码的发展密码的缺点由不能确保消息的安全性,有极大的可能被篡改、删除、重放被极大的修正了,而且还多了认证防伪技术。这无一不说明着密码的飞速发展,但是现在密码学局限于代码的数量、代码的复杂度、代码的安全性及代码被人们所熟知从而密钥丧失了其秘密性,使得密码有种岌岌可危的危险性,正是在这种情况下,DNA密码应运而生。 DNA分子的脱氧核糖、磷酸和4种含氮碱基及碱基互补原则,使得DNA分子所能表达的信息所含容量之大(一段20碱基的DNA序列,其组合方式可高达一万亿种),并其独一无二的特性,可以了解到将DNA计算和密码组合起来形成的DNA密码的前景之广阔是毋庸置疑的,基于DNA序列的高度复杂性和独一无二性使得DNA密码将会成为终极密码,为密码学的前进指引了方向。 因此,本文所述的DNA计算技术、密码技术及其融合在一起所形成的DNA密码技术是有其积极意义的,本文从详细说明DNA计算的形成、发展、及其优势特点和密码学的形成、发展、及其优势特点,从而导出二者结合的DNA密码的终端优势。
[Abstract]:DNA computing is a new computing technology developed rapidly in recent years. In the past, we simply converted the real model into the mathematical model to solve it, but now the DNA computing has provided us with a convenient solution to the difficult mathematical problems. It transforms abstract mathematical problems into biological problems and solves mathematical problems from another angle. DNA calculation is based on the principle of double helix structure of DNA molecule and complementary pair of bases. First, the mathematical problems to be dealt with are transformed into specific DNA molecules that have been encoded, and then, by the action of enzymes, various kinds of data are obtained, followed by ultrasonic degradation of (PCR), by polymerase chain reaction, and (POA), electrophoresis by polymeric overlapping amplification technique. The core problem of DNA calculation is to mark the known information and put it into the encoded DNA sequence. The complete solution space can be obtained from the product and solution of the reaction in a certain time after the completion of the biochemical reaction. Moreover, because of the high parallelism of biological algorithms, the considerable storage capacity and the minimal energy consumption of DNA molecules, DNA computers have unique advantages over conventional electronic computers. This gives DNA computing an advantage over known computing methods. DNA cryptography is a new area of cryptography that has emerged in recent years and is more secure than known passwords. It is based on the DNA computation. DNA cipher uses DNA molecule as information carrier, uses modern biological technology to exploit the advantages of large storage capacity, high parallelism and low energy consumption of DNA molecule, and realizes analysis and encryption. Authentication and other cryptographic functions. In the history of cipher development, we know that there have been classical cipher, modern cipher, with the development of cipher, the shortcomings of each cipher have been understood. However, with the development of cryptography, the shortcomings of cryptography can not ensure the security of messages, so it is very possible to tamper, delete, replay, and also has a lot of authentication and anti-counterfeiting technology. But now cryptography is limited to the number of codes, the complexity of the code, the security of the code, and the code, so that the key loses its secrecy. It is in this case that DNA codes emerge as the times require. The principles of deoxyribose, phosphoric acid, and four nitrogen-containing bases and bases complement each other for DNA molecules. Making the information expressed by DNA molecules so large (a 20-base DNA sequence that can be combined in as many as 1 trillion), and having unique properties, There is no doubt that there is no doubt about the broad prospect of DNA ciphers formed by combining DNA computation and cryptography. Based on the high complexity and uniqueness of DNA sequences, DNA cryptography will become the ultimate password. It provides the direction for the progress of cryptography. Therefore, the DNA computing technology, cryptography technology and the DNA cryptographic technology formed by their fusion are of positive significance. This paper describes the formation, development, advantages and characteristics of DNA computing, and the formation and development of cryptography. And its advantages, so as to derive the terminal advantages of the DNA cipher combined with the two.
【学位授予单位】：安徽理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TN918.1;TP38
本文编号：2276894
[Abstract]:DNA computing is a new computing technology developed rapidly in recent years. In the past, we simply converted the real model into the mathematical model to solve it, but now the DNA computing has provided us with a convenient solution to the difficult mathematical problems. It transforms abstract mathematical problems into biological problems and solves mathematical problems from another angle. DNA calculation is based on the principle of double helix structure of DNA molecule and complementary pair of bases. First, the mathematical problems to be dealt with are transformed into specific DNA molecules that have been encoded, and then, by the action of enzymes, various kinds of data are obtained, followed by ultrasonic degradation of (PCR), by polymerase chain reaction, and (POA), electrophoresis by polymeric overlapping amplification technique. The core problem of DNA calculation is to mark the known information and put it into the encoded DNA sequence. The complete solution space can be obtained from the product and solution of the reaction in a certain time after the completion of the biochemical reaction. Moreover, because of the high parallelism of biological algorithms, the considerable storage capacity and the minimal energy consumption of DNA molecules, DNA computers have unique advantages over conventional electronic computers. This gives DNA computing an advantage over known computing methods. DNA cryptography is a new area of cryptography that has emerged in recent years and is more secure than known passwords. It is based on the DNA computation. DNA cipher uses DNA molecule as information carrier, uses modern biological technology to exploit the advantages of large storage capacity, high parallelism and low energy consumption of DNA molecule, and realizes analysis and encryption. Authentication and other cryptographic functions. In the history of cipher development, we know that there have been classical cipher, modern cipher, with the development of cipher, the shortcomings of each cipher have been understood. However, with the development of cryptography, the shortcomings of cryptography can not ensure the security of messages, so it is very possible to tamper, delete, replay, and also has a lot of authentication and anti-counterfeiting technology. But now cryptography is limited to the number of codes, the complexity of the code, the security of the code, and the code, so that the key loses its secrecy. It is in this case that DNA codes emerge as the times require. The principles of deoxyribose, phosphoric acid, and four nitrogen-containing bases and bases complement each other for DNA molecules. Making the information expressed by DNA molecules so large (a 20-base DNA sequence that can be combined in as many as 1 trillion), and having unique properties, There is no doubt that there is no doubt about the broad prospect of DNA ciphers formed by combining DNA computation and cryptography. Based on the high complexity and uniqueness of DNA sequences, DNA cryptography will become the ultimate password. It provides the direction for the progress of cryptography. Therefore, the DNA computing technology, cryptography technology and the DNA cryptographic technology formed by their fusion are of positive significance. This paper describes the formation, development, advantages and characteristics of DNA computing, and the formation and development of cryptography. And its advantages, so as to derive the terminal advantages of the DNA cipher combined with the two.
【学位授予单位】：安徽理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TN918.1;TP38
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2 崔光照;秦利敏;王延峰;张勋才;;DNA计算中的信息安全技术[J];计算机工程与应用;2007年20期
，本文编号：2276894
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