基于ARM的通信电台系统时钟同步单元设计与实现
发布时间：2018-11-27 21:14
【摘要】：在通信电台系统中,时钟同步单元是电台电台收发信机中的组成部分,完成系统所需时钟的产生与分发等功能。公司原时钟同步单元板卡在硬件方面,所使用的主处理器PowerPC外围接口少,因此需要大量外围扩展电路,增加了设计复杂性；在软件方面,由于采用定制的VxWorks的版权与不开源问题,应用程序开发复杂、可移植性差。 为了解决开发中遇到的上述问题,论文在分析时钟同步单元板卡功能需求的基础上,重新选择了主处理器、操作系统和设计编写了驱动程序。主处理器选择的是IMX25处理器,该处理器是基于ARM926EJS核心芯片的高性能ARM处理器,具有400MHz的主频和丰富的外围接口。使用其作为主处理器可以简化外围电路设计,缩短硬件开发周期。操作系统选择了嵌入式Linux系统。该系统稳定性高、内核精悍,运行所需资源较少,而且网络功能强大,非常适合于嵌入式系统的应用。 在此基础上,论文遵循基于ARM的嵌入式系统设计的一般流程,重新设计并实现了时钟同步板卡单元。论文主要完成的工作包括以下内容：(1)深入研究了嵌入式系统的组成,嵌入式微处理器ARM,嵌入式Linux操作系统的相关知识,选择并使用飞思卡尔公司32位精简指令集架构的嵌入式微处理器iMX25来搭建系统硬件平台,使用嵌入式Linux操作系统来进行作为主控制系统运行板卡。(2)分析以往通信电台板卡单元的设计,根据实际应用需求,设计板卡总体方案。(3)参考以往通信电台相关板卡硬件设计,包括各个硬件芯片手册的研读、电路图设计、元器件选型、信号完整性仿真等完成单板硬件板卡调试。(4)分析了ARM处理器开发的流程,研究了ARM处理器模式、寄存器、指令系统；(5)分析研究后选择合适的Bootloader、适当的嵌入式Linux系统内核版本、文件系统和基于该系统的板卡个器件的驱动。(6)完成了基于iMX25芯片的U-boot移植、嵌入式系统内核裁剪和移植、文件系统的构建、驱动程序的开发和板卡调试,为板卡的高层应用程序调试做好准备。
[Abstract]:In the communication station system, the clock synchronization unit is an integral part of the transceiver, which can produce and distribute the clock needed by the system. In the hardware aspect of the original clock synchronous unit board card, the main processor PowerPC peripheral interface is few, so a large number of peripheral expansion circuits are needed, and the design complexity is increased. In software, application development is complicated and portability is poor due to copyright and non-open source problems of custom VxWorks. In order to solve the above problems encountered in the development of the paper on the basis of analyzing the functional requirements of the clock synchronous unit board card the main processor the operating system and the design of the driver are re-selected. The main processor is IMX25 processor, which is a high performance ARM processor based on ARM926EJS core chip. It has the main frequency of 400MHz and rich peripheral interface. Using it as the main processor can simplify the peripheral circuit design and shorten the hardware development cycle. The operating system chooses the embedded Linux system. The system has high stability, strong kernel, less resources to run, and powerful network function, so it is very suitable for the application of embedded system. On this basis, the thesis redesigns and implements the clock synchronization card unit according to the general flow of embedded system design based on ARM. The main contents of this thesis are as follows: (1) the composition of embedded system and the knowledge of embedded Linux operating system of embedded microprocessor ARM, are studied deeply. Select and use Freescale 32-bit reduced instruction set architecture embedded microprocessor iMX25 to build the hardware platform of the system. The embedded Linux operating system is used to carry out the operation board as the main control system. (2) the design of the board card unit of the communication station in the past is analyzed. (3) referring to the related card hardware design of the previous communication station, including the study of each hardware chip manual, circuit diagram design, components selection, The signal integrity simulation is used to debug the single board hardware board. (4) the development process of ARM processor is analyzed, and the ARM processor mode, register and instruction system are studied. (5) selecting the appropriate Bootloader, kernel version of embedded Linux system, the file system and the driver of the board card based on the system. (6) the U-boot transplant based on iMX25 chip is completed. The kernel of embedded system is cut and transplanted, the file system is constructed, the driver is developed and the board is debugged, so as to prepare for the debugging of the high-level application program of the board.
【学位授予单位】：北京交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TN859;TP368.12
本文编号：2362057
[Abstract]:In the communication station system, the clock synchronization unit is an integral part of the transceiver, which can produce and distribute the clock needed by the system. In the hardware aspect of the original clock synchronous unit board card, the main processor PowerPC peripheral interface is few, so a large number of peripheral expansion circuits are needed, and the design complexity is increased. In software, application development is complicated and portability is poor due to copyright and non-open source problems of custom VxWorks. In order to solve the above problems encountered in the development of the paper on the basis of analyzing the functional requirements of the clock synchronous unit board card the main processor the operating system and the design of the driver are re-selected. The main processor is IMX25 processor, which is a high performance ARM processor based on ARM926EJS core chip. It has the main frequency of 400MHz and rich peripheral interface. Using it as the main processor can simplify the peripheral circuit design and shorten the hardware development cycle. The operating system chooses the embedded Linux system. The system has high stability, strong kernel, less resources to run, and powerful network function, so it is very suitable for the application of embedded system. On this basis, the thesis redesigns and implements the clock synchronization card unit according to the general flow of embedded system design based on ARM. The main contents of this thesis are as follows: (1) the composition of embedded system and the knowledge of embedded Linux operating system of embedded microprocessor ARM, are studied deeply. Select and use Freescale 32-bit reduced instruction set architecture embedded microprocessor iMX25 to build the hardware platform of the system. The embedded Linux operating system is used to carry out the operation board as the main control system. (2) the design of the board card unit of the communication station in the past is analyzed. (3) referring to the related card hardware design of the previous communication station, including the study of each hardware chip manual, circuit diagram design, components selection, The signal integrity simulation is used to debug the single board hardware board. (4) the development process of ARM processor is analyzed, and the ARM processor mode, register and instruction system are studied. (5) selecting the appropriate Bootloader, kernel version of embedded Linux system, the file system and the driver of the board card based on the system. (6) the U-boot transplant based on iMX25 chip is completed. The kernel of embedded system is cut and transplanted, the file system is constructed, the driver is developed and the board is debugged, so as to prepare for the debugging of the high-level application program of the board.
【学位授予单位】：北京交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TN859;TP368.12
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