面向传感网络的嵌入式操作系统设计与实现
发布时间：2019-01-18 18:33
【摘要】：物联网是信息技术发展的一个新的概念，它是在计算机互联网的基础上，利用RFID、无线数据通信等技术，构造一个覆盖世界上万事万物“Internet of Things”。作为物联网的重要组成部分，无线传感器网络是当前国际上备受关注，多学科交叉的前沿研究课题。无线传感器网络操作系统是无线传感器网络的基本软件环境，是众多无线传感器网络应用软件开发的基础，它的高效性、灵活性和实时性直接影响到系统的性能，因此很有必要从无线传感器网络操作系统的角度着手解决无线传感器网络的一些典型问题，例如实时性等。然而，，无线传感器网络的特点为其操作系统的设计带来挑战。 无线传感器网络的网络规模大、动态性强等特点就决定了网络节点操作系统应具有模块化、满足并发操作等特点。传感器节点也具有低功耗与有限的资源等特点，这也决定了在操作系统的设计上要满足微型化的特点。针对无线传感器网络应用中并发操作频繁，通信实时性强等特点，论文设计实现一种微型嵌入式传感网络操作系统mesOS，采用事件驱动的实现机制来满足系统并发操作频繁的要求，在调度策略设计上将满足任务实时性定为首要设计目标，目前mesOS包括任务调度模块、时间管理模块与通信模块。 在任务调度模块中，任务被分级进行处理，任务队列分为三种优先级队列，并在最高优先级队列中引入抢占机制，为了减少任务切换次数，系统设计了两个任务不可抢占原则，高优先级队列中任务在满足可抢占条件时才可以抢占正在运行的低优先级队列任务。在时间管理模块中，mesOS采用独立时间控制结构体，用于实现软定时器，软定时器通过系统提供的时钟节拍进行定时计时，时钟节拍源为硬件定时器，时钟节拍的精度取决于不同的应用。在通信模块中，mesOS设计最基本的通信消息数据格式，并实现基本的消息发送和接收功能，对于消息的接收，为了便于对消息的管理，系统设置消息缓冲区用于存储接收到的消息。 最后将mesOS移植测试，测试结果表明系统可以正确运行，并在支持任务实时性、微型化和灵活性方面取得较好的效果。
[Abstract]:The Internet of things is a new concept in the development of information technology. It is based on the computer Internet, using RFID, wireless data communication and other technologies to construct a "Internet of Things" covering everything in the world. As an important part of the Internet of things, wireless sensor networks (WSN) is a frontier research subject which is paid close attention to and interdiscipline. Wireless sensor network operating system is the basic software environment of wireless sensor network, it is the basis of many wireless sensor network application software development, its high efficiency, flexibility and real-time directly affect the performance of the system. Therefore, it is necessary to solve some typical problems of wireless sensor network from the point of view of wireless sensor network operating system, such as real-time. However, the characteristics of wireless sensor network (WSN) bring challenges to the design of its operating system. The characteristics of wireless sensor network such as large scale and strong dynamics determine that the network node operating system should be modularized to meet the characteristics of concurrent operation. Sensor nodes also have the characteristics of low power consumption and limited resources, which determines the design of the operating system to meet the characteristics of miniaturization. Aiming at the characteristics of frequent concurrent operation and strong real-time communication in wireless sensor network application, this paper designs and implements a miniature embedded sensor network operating system (mesOS,). The event-driven implementation mechanism is adopted to meet the requirement of frequent concurrent operation in the system. In the design of scheduling strategy, real-time task is the primary design objective. At present, mesOS includes task scheduling module, time management module and communication module. In the task scheduling module, the task queue is classified into three priority queues, and the preemption mechanism is introduced into the highest priority queue. In order to reduce the number of task switching, the system designs two non-preemptive tasks. A task in a high priority queue can only preempt a running low priority queue task when the preemptive condition is satisfied. In the time management module, the mesOS adopts the independent time control structure, which is used to realize the soft timer. The soft timer is timed by the clock beat provided by the system, and the clock beat source is the hardware timer. The accuracy of the clock beat depends on different applications. In the communication module, mesOS designs the most basic communication message data format, and realizes the basic message sending and receiving function. The system sets the message buffer to store received messages. Finally, the mesOS is transplanted to test. The test results show that the system can run correctly and achieve good results in supporting task real-time, miniaturization and flexibility.
【学位授予单位】：重庆大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TP368.1;TP212.9;TN929.5
本文编号：2410991
[Abstract]:The Internet of things is a new concept in the development of information technology. It is based on the computer Internet, using RFID, wireless data communication and other technologies to construct a "Internet of Things" covering everything in the world. As an important part of the Internet of things, wireless sensor networks (WSN) is a frontier research subject which is paid close attention to and interdiscipline. Wireless sensor network operating system is the basic software environment of wireless sensor network, it is the basis of many wireless sensor network application software development, its high efficiency, flexibility and real-time directly affect the performance of the system. Therefore, it is necessary to solve some typical problems of wireless sensor network from the point of view of wireless sensor network operating system, such as real-time. However, the characteristics of wireless sensor network (WSN) bring challenges to the design of its operating system. The characteristics of wireless sensor network such as large scale and strong dynamics determine that the network node operating system should be modularized to meet the characteristics of concurrent operation. Sensor nodes also have the characteristics of low power consumption and limited resources, which determines the design of the operating system to meet the characteristics of miniaturization. Aiming at the characteristics of frequent concurrent operation and strong real-time communication in wireless sensor network application, this paper designs and implements a miniature embedded sensor network operating system (mesOS,). The event-driven implementation mechanism is adopted to meet the requirement of frequent concurrent operation in the system. In the design of scheduling strategy, real-time task is the primary design objective. At present, mesOS includes task scheduling module, time management module and communication module. In the task scheduling module, the task queue is classified into three priority queues, and the preemption mechanism is introduced into the highest priority queue. In order to reduce the number of task switching, the system designs two non-preemptive tasks. A task in a high priority queue can only preempt a running low priority queue task when the preemptive condition is satisfied. In the time management module, the mesOS adopts the independent time control structure, which is used to realize the soft timer. The soft timer is timed by the clock beat provided by the system, and the clock beat source is the hardware timer. The accuracy of the clock beat depends on different applications. In the communication module, mesOS designs the most basic communication message data format, and realizes the basic message sending and receiving function. The system sets the message buffer to store received messages. Finally, the mesOS is transplanted to test. The test results show that the system can run correctly and achieve good results in supporting task real-time, miniaturization and flexibility.
【学位授予单位】：重庆大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TP368.1;TP212.9;TN929.5
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相关期刊论文 前3条
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本文编号：2410991
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