一种电阻式触摸屏驱动芯片的设计研究

发布时间：2019-01-28 23:09

【摘要】：随着微电子技术和计算机技术的迅速发展,触摸屏技术逐渐代替了传统的机械装置，成为众多电子产品的控制装置。触摸屏本身比较轻便，能够有效的节约空间，操作简单，因此具有传统键盘不可替代的优点。同时触摸屏技术能够让人直接的对屏幕进行操作控制，，提供了一种绝对的操作模式，极大的方便了用户。配上触摸屏幕多彩的视觉效果，给人十分舒适的操作享受。在众多触摸屏产品中，电阻式触摸屏由于价格低、清晰度高、坚固耐用等特点,在市场上的占有率居高不下。本文基于四线电阻式触摸屏，设计了一款触摸屏驱动芯片。整个芯片包括ADC模块、片内温度测量模块、电池监控模块、六路通道选择器、数字控制模块和内部电压基准模块，芯片的核心是一个12位的数模转换器（ADC）。在保证版图面积小的前提下，设计出低功耗、高精度的ADC是本文设计的主要工作。在不同种类的ADC中，逐次逼近式ADC转换速度快、精度高、功耗较低，因此本文采用了12位逐次逼近式ADC作为芯片的核心。本文设计的逐次逼近式ADC基于电荷按比例缩放式数模转换器（DAC），并采用了开关电容比较器，通过精确的时钟控制，大大地降低了ADC功耗。在内部基准模块中，设计了带隙基准作为内部电压基准源。同时本文设计的芯片也可以在内部基准和外部基准之间进行切换以达到降低功耗的作用。通过合理设计，使得整个芯片的分辨率高，又保持了较低的功耗。本文的芯片设计采用了世界领先的台积电(TSMC)65nm的工艺，在设计过程中首先在Cadence环境下完成了电路的图像化描述，然后运用Synopsys公司下的Hspice软件进行了电路的仿真，最后运用Cadence环境下的virtuoso进行了版图的设计，并运用了Mentor公司的Calibre软件对版图进行验证工作。在整个设计过程中，充分发挥每种集成电路设计软件的优点，极大的提高了设计工作的效率，也尽量减小了在设计工作中可能存在的设计偏差。在芯片的仿真工作中，各个模块的性能十分理想。整个芯片具有精度高、功耗低、版图面积小的特点。芯片已经流片，未来将会出现在触摸屏移动终端中。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of microelectronics and computer technology, touch screen technology has gradually replaced the traditional mechanical devices and become the control device of many electronic products. Touch screen itself is portable, can effectively save space, simple operation, so it has the advantages of traditional keyboard irreplaceable. At the same time, touch screen technology can directly control the screen, providing an absolute mode of operation, which greatly facilitates the user. With touch screen colorful visual effects, give people very comfortable to enjoy the operation. Among many touch screen products, resistive touch screen has a high market share due to its low price, high definition and durability. Based on four-wire resistive touch screen, a touch screen driver chip is designed in this paper. The whole chip includes ADC module, in-chip temperature measurement module, battery monitoring module, six-channel selector, digital control module and internal voltage reference module. The core of the chip is a 12-bit digital-to-analog converter (ADC). On the premise of small layout area, the design of low power and high precision ADC is the main work of this paper. In different kinds of ADC, the successive approximation ADC conversion speed is fast, the precision is high, and the power consumption is low. Therefore, the 12-bit successive approximation ADC is used as the core of the chip in this paper. The successive approximation ADC designed in this paper is based on the charge scaling (DAC), and uses the switched capacitor comparator. The power consumption of the ADC is greatly reduced by precise clock control. In the internal reference module, the bandgap reference is designed as the internal voltage reference source. At the same time, the chip designed in this paper can also switch between internal reference and external reference to reduce power consumption. Through reasonable design, the resolution of the whole chip is high and the power consumption is low. In this paper, the chip design adopts the world leading TSMC (TSMC) 65nm technology. In the design process, the circuit is described graphically under the Cadence environment, and then the circuit is simulated by the Hspice software of Synopsys Company. Finally, the layout is designed by using virtuoso in Cadence environment, and the layout is verified by Calibre software of Mentor Company. In the whole design process, the advantages of each integrated circuit design software are brought into full play, the efficiency of the design work is greatly improved, and the possible design deviation in the design work is reduced as far as possible. In the simulation of the chip, the performance of each module is very ideal. The whole chip has the characteristics of high precision, low power consumption and small layout area. The chip has been streaming and will appear in touch-screen mobile terminals in the future.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：TP334.3;TN47

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