基于DSP的频谱分析系统的设计

发布时间：2019-02-27 17:34

【摘要】：随着电子技术的迅速发展，信号处理已经深入到很多的工程领域，信号频域的特征越来越受到重视。在信号通信、雷达对抗、音频分析、机械诊断等领域，频谱分析系统起到很大的作用。传统的频谱分析仪都是采用模拟电路搭建实现频谱分析，这样仪器的误差不便控制，并且价格昂贵，操作复杂，一旦出现问题还不容易检测修复，这使得它已经不能很好的满足用户的需求。现在随着数字技术的成熟，以及高性能处理器的发展，基于DSP实现的频谱分析系统，已经占据了频谱分析仪的大部分市场。首先，结合目前市场大部分频谱分析仪的特点，指定本系统的指标，并且决定了系统的分析目标主要是低频机械振动信号。选取TMS320F2812为核心芯片，结合TMS320F2812的自身的特点，完成系统总体结构的设计，，并且将系统按功能分为若干模块。其次，按照系统控制功能和信号处理功能两部分分别实现程序设计。系统控制部分主要是完成ADC的自动校准功能与采集功能，为数据分配指定的存储空间，完成串口通讯协议编写，使系统可以与上位机实时通信。信号处理部分主要完成FFT快速傅里叶算法的编写，并从旋转因子与倒位序两部分对算法进行优化。针对实数信号提出RFFT算法，使FFT的效率得到提高。并且完成频谱细化Zoom FFT的设计，提高了系统的分辨力。最后，通过信号发生器发出实际波形测试系统，并完成结果分析。实验表明，系统的ADC采集的数据误差，与频谱分析的实时性与精确性都是满足设计需要的。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of electronic technology, signal processing has been deep into many engineering fields, and the characteristics of signal frequency domain are becoming more and more important. The spectrum analysis system plays a very important role in the fields of signal communication, radar countermeasure, audio analysis and mechanical diagnosis. The traditional spectrum analyzer is built by the analog circuit to realize the spectrum analysis, so that the error of the instrument is inconvenient to control, the operation is complex, and the repair is not easy to be detected once the problem has occurred, which makes it impossible to meet the user's needs well. With the development of digital technology and the development of high-performance processors, the spectrum analysis system based on DSP has already occupied most of the market of the spectrum analyzer. First, in combination with the characteristics of most spectrum analyzer in the present market, the index of the system is specified, and the analysis target of the system is mainly the low-frequency mechanical vibration letter. The paper selects TMS320F2812 as the core chip, and combines the characteristics of the TMS320F2812 to complete the design of the overall system structure, and divides the system into several modes according to the function Block. Secondly, the two parts of the system control function and the signal processing function are respectively realized. The system control part is mainly to complete the automatic calibration function and the acquisition function of the ADC, allocate the specified storage space for the data, and complete the serial communication protocol writing, so that the system can be combined with the upper computer and the signal processing part mainly completes the preparation of the FFT fast Fourier algorithm, Line optimization. RFT algorithm is proposed for real signal, and the FFT efficiency is obtained. and the design of the frequency spectrum refinement Zoom FFT is completed, so that the system is improved, and finally, sending out an actual waveform testing system by a signal generator, The results show that the data error of the ADC in the system is satisfied with the real-time and the accuracy of the spectrum analysis.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工程大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：TN911.7;TP368.1

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