基于LabVIEW电液伺服同步系统研究

发布时间：2018-01-03 21:01

本文关键词：基于LabVIEW电液伺服同步系统研究　出处：《哈尔滨工业大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着现代机械制造加工、航空航天、水利水电和建筑等领域的快速发展，对多缸控制系统的同步精度需求也越来越高。但由于泄漏、加工精度以及控制元件间性能的差距，必然导致多缸系统不同步，如果不能采取有效措施加以控制，克服这种同步误差，控制系统将不能正常工作。因此需要在正确的理论分析基础上，设计良好的液压同步控制系统具有非常重要的实际意义。本文在查阅大量国内外相关文献的基础上，综述了液压同步技术、虚拟仪器技术的研究现状、液压同步系统组成的形式、特点及其应用，并介绍了同步控制策略的发展状况。电液伺服阀由于其高频响、高精度等优点被广泛应用于液压同步系统中。本文以两缸同步为研究对象，设计了采用电液伺服阀的液压同步系统，对该同步系统的组成以及控制原理进行了理论研究，分别建立了系统的线性和非线性数学模型，采用LabVIEW软件中Control and Simulation工具包搭建了仿真模型，进行仿真对比两种建模方式，得出非线性建模能够更好地反映实际系统的动态特性。详细分析了同等方式和主从方式的同步控制原理，分别搭建了非线性仿真模型，根据系统特点采用了二分同步补偿算法，，并对阶跃信号、斜坡信号以及不同频率正弦信号进行了仿真，对系统的同步精度和动态性能进行理论分析；为了得到更高的同步精度，在二分法的基础上设计了PID控制器对偏差信号进行控制；针对同步算法不能改善系统动态性能的缺点，在同步算法的基础上，对单套系统设计了PID控制器，仿真结果表明采用PID控制器不但改善了系统的动态跟踪特性，而且还一定程度上提高同步精度。本文完成了泵源、动力机构以及测控系统的设计，搭建了液压同步控制系统试验台，采用LabVIEW软件完成测控软件的编写，实现了液压实验台的实时监测、过程控制以及数据后处理等功能。对控制策略进行了实验验证，验证了仿真结果的正确性，最后还针对变幅值、变负载以及变供油压力等不同工况进行了实验研究。本研究对水轮机调速器、圆筒阀以及冲击式水轮机喷针控制系统的设计有一定指导意义，为更深的理论研究打下基础。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of modern mechanical manufacturing, aerospace, water conservancy and hydropower and architecture, the need for synchronization accuracy of multi-cylinder control system is becoming higher and higher, but due to leakage. Machining accuracy and performance gap between control components will inevitably lead to multi-cylinder system synchronization, if effective measures can not be taken to control, to overcome this synchronization error. The control system will not work properly, so it is necessary to design a good hydraulic synchronous control system on the basis of correct theoretical analysis. On the basis of consulting a large number of domestic and foreign literatures, this paper summarizes the research status of hydraulic synchronization technology, virtual instrument technology, the form, characteristics and application of hydraulic synchronization system. The development of synchronous control strategy is also introduced. Electro-hydraulic servo valve is widely used in hydraulic synchronization system because of its high frequency response and high precision. This paper designs a hydraulic synchronous system with electro-hydraulic servo valve as the research object. The composition and control principle of the synchronous system are studied theoretically, and the linear and nonlinear mathematical models of the system are established respectively. The simulation model is built by using Control and Simulation toolkit in LabVIEW software, and the two modeling methods are compared with each other. It is concluded that nonlinear modeling can better reflect the dynamic characteristics of the actual system. The synchronization control principle of the same mode and master-slave mode is analyzed in detail, and the nonlinear simulation model is built, and the binary synchronization compensation algorithm is adopted according to the characteristics of the system, and the step signal is analyzed. The slope signals and sinusoidal signals with different frequencies are simulated, and the synchronization accuracy and dynamic performance of the system are analyzed theoretically. In order to achieve higher synchronization accuracy, a PID controller is designed to control the deviation signal based on the dichotomy. Aiming at the shortcoming that the synchronization algorithm can not improve the dynamic performance of the system, a PID controller is designed for a single system based on the synchronization algorithm. The simulation results show that the PID controller not only improves the dynamic tracking characteristics of the system, but also improves the synchronization accuracy to some extent. In this paper, the pump source, power mechanism and measurement and control system are designed, the hydraulic synchronous control system test bed is built, and the LabVIEW software is used to compile the measurement and control software. The real-time monitoring, process control and data post-processing of the hydraulic test bench are realized. The control strategy is verified by experiments, and the correctness of the simulation results is verified. Experimental study on variable load and variable fuel supply pressure is carried out. This study has certain guiding significance for the design of hydraulic turbine governor, cylinder valve and impingement turbine injection needle control system. Lay the foundation for further theoretical research.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：TP273;TH137

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