液压破碎锤关键技术研究

发布时间：2018-01-03 21:12

本文关键词：液压破碎锤关键技术研究　出处：《浙江大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：液压破碎锤问世半个世纪以来,由于具有冲击能量大,适应能力强,可靠性和效率高、节能环保等优点,越来越受到国内外相关专家和工程技术人员的重视。目前已广泛应用在采矿、冶金、道路建设、市政工程、建筑及船舶工业等行业。我国社会工业化步伐的加快对工程机械的需求将越来越大,作为工程机械辅助设备的液压破碎锤前景广阔,为了创造更大的社会和经济效益,有必要研制高质量、高性能的产品。本文针对气液联合作用式液压破碎锤关键技术和破碎锤冲击性能测试系统为对象展开研究,在综合国内外文献资料的基础上,阐述了液压破碎锤的国内外研究发展现状及未来产品发展趋势；研究分析了气液联合作用式液压破碎锤的结构和原理,对液压冲击机构关键部件的运动规律采用AMESim软件的建立了系统的仿真模型,并进行仿真,探讨了结构参数和工作参数对液压破碎锤冲击性能的影响；提出了测试液压破碎锤冲击性能的测试液压缸的结构,并通过仿真优选了结构参数,完成了测试系统搭建,并对气液联合作用式液压破碎锤冲击性能进行了实验测试,得到了实验结论。各章内容分别叙述如下：第一章在综合分析国内外文献的基础上,论文介绍了液压破碎锤的特点、应用范围、分类、结构及原理；比较分析了国内外主要类型液压破碎锤的优缺点、研究发展现状及未来发展趋势；阐述了线性和非线性模型两种研究方法；提出了论文的研究意义及研究内容。第二章阐述了气液联合作用式液压破碎锤的工作过程；对其液压冲击机构进行了深入的理论分析,建立了线性数学模型和非线性数学模型；基于应力波传递理论对冲击活塞与钎杆的碰撞原理进行理论分析研究,并建立了数学模型。第三章基于AMESim软件,对气液联合作用式液压破碎锤的液压系统及测试系统进行了计算机建模仿真,探讨了关键的结构参数及输入参数对其冲击性能的影响,提出了测试液压破碎锤冲击性能的测试液压缸的新结构,并通过仿真优选了结构参数,为结构设计和测试系统研究提供了支持。第四章,比较分析了液压破碎锤冲击性能的检测方法,搭建了气液联合作用式液压破碎锤冲击性能测试系统,介绍了其组成原理及其性能指标和实验方法；基于搭建的测试系统对气液联合作用式液压破碎锤冲击性能进行了测试,得到了实验结果,并与仿真结果对比,分析了误差原因,得到了实验结论,验证了气液联合作用式液压破碎锤及其基于破碎锤冲击力测试缸的测试系统的理论分析和仿真模型的正确性,以及测试方案的可行性和测试方法的实用性。第五章对整个论文的主要研究工作和所得的成果进行了总结概括,并对下一步的研究工作和方向进行了展望。
[Abstract]:Since the invention of hydraulic hammer for half a century, it has the advantages of large impact energy, strong adaptability, high reliability and efficiency, energy saving and environmental protection. At present, it has been widely used in mining, metallurgy, road construction, municipal engineering. Construction industry and shipbuilding industry. With the acceleration of the pace of social industrialization in China, the demand for construction machinery will be greater and greater. As an auxiliary equipment of construction machinery, the hydraulic hammer has a broad prospect. In order to create greater social and economic benefits, it is necessary to develop high-quality, high-performance products. In this paper, the key technology of gas-liquid combined hydraulic hammer and the impact performance test system of the hammer are studied, based on the literature data at home and abroad. The present situation of research and development of hydraulic hammer at home and abroad and the trend of product development in the future are expounded. The structure and principle of gas-liquid combined hydraulic crushing hammer are studied and analyzed. The simulation model of the key components of hydraulic impact mechanism is established by AMESim software, and the simulation is carried out. The influence of structure parameters and working parameters on the impact performance of hydraulic hammer is discussed. The structure of the hydraulic cylinder is proposed to test the impact performance of the hydraulic crushing hammer, and the structure parameters are selected by simulation, and the test system is built. The impact performance of gas-liquid combined hydraulic hammer was tested and the experimental results were obtained. The chapters are described below: The first chapter introduces the characteristics, application range, classification, structure and principle of hydraulic hammer on the basis of comprehensive analysis of domestic and foreign literature. The advantages and disadvantages of the main types of hydraulic hammer at home and abroad are compared and analyzed. Two research methods, linear model and nonlinear model, are described. The significance and content of the thesis are put forward. In the second chapter, the working process of gas-liquid combined hydraulic hammer is described. The hydraulic impact mechanism is analyzed deeply, and the linear mathematical model and the nonlinear mathematical model are established. Based on the stress wave transfer theory, the collision principle of impact piston and drill rod is analyzed theoretically, and the mathematical model is established. In the third chapter, based on AMESim software, the hydraulic system and test system of gas-liquid combined hydraulic hammer are modeled and simulated by computer. This paper discusses the influence of key structural parameters and input parameters on its impact performance, and puts forward a new structure for testing the impact performance of hydraulic crushing hammer, and selects the structural parameters by simulation. It provides support for the research of structure design and test system. In chapter 4th, the testing methods of impact performance of hydraulic hammer are compared and analyzed, and the testing system of impact performance of hydraulic hammer with gas-liquid combined action is set up, and its composition principle, performance index and experimental method are introduced. Based on the test system, the impact performance of gas-liquid combined hydraulic hammer is tested, the experimental results are obtained, and the error reasons are analyzed, and the experimental results are obtained by comparing the experimental results with the simulation results. The correctness of the theoretical analysis and simulation model of the pneumatic hydraulic hammer and its testing system based on the impact force test cylinder of the broken hammer are verified, and the feasibility of the test scheme and the practicability of the test method are also verified. Chapter 5th summarizes the main research work and results of the whole thesis, and looks forward to the next research work and direction.
【学位授予单位】：浙江大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：TU631;TH137

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