臂架系统腰绳装置优化研究

发布时间：2018-01-05 02:07

本文关键词：臂架系统腰绳装置优化研究　出处：《大连理工大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：为满足生产、吊装以及制造等行业对于起吊高度的要求,臂架系统长度在逐年增加。而随着这种长度的增加,问题也在增加。其中之一就是大臂长臂架的起臂问题。因此,在臂架系统中添加了腰绳辅助装置。虽然腰绳装置已安装在各种吨位的起重机上,但是对腰绳装置的设计仍然沿用以往的那种大量重复性试算法上。为摆脱这种费力费时的设计方法,本文从多方面入手,探索腰绳装置的设计规律,并且设计了较为实用的优化方法。具体工作如下： (1)简述腰绳装置的形式、特点和不同的安装型式,以及其对于臂架整体性能的影响；并且介绍了国内外关于腰绳的研究现状。 (2)由于臂架系统有限元建模时较为繁琐,需要对其在保证一定精度的条件下进行简化。本文分析了基于等效刚度、等效惯性矩两类方法的利弊,根据本次优化设计的具体目标,选取了基于位移相等假设的等效惯性矩方法作为基础,同时,因为本次研究对象特殊性——变截面性质不可忽略,设计了一种新的臂架简化手段。 (3)在以往的腰绳设计工作的基础上,总结了在两种典型工况下腰绳装置对不同类型的臂架整体受力性能的影响；运用单因素分析法,研究腰绳装置各设计参数对臂架系统受力的影响；对上述分析结果进行总结归纳,探寻其影响规律。 (4)分析大臂长臂架系统的特点：首先对于超长臂架,由于刚度过小会产生大位移小应变现象,因此需要考虑臂架的几何非线性特征；其次对于轴心压弯构件的臂架结构而言,“二次变形效应”的影响在工程实际与研究中往往不应被忽略；最后,由于腰绳装置的运用,其在最小幅度工况下极可能产生反弯现象。这些影响因素在优化研究过程中都需要被考虑。 (5)分析了ANSYS的优化模块中零阶、一阶优化方法的利弊,在此基础上提出了一种一阶优化流程,避免了两种方法的局限性,发挥其适用性；同时,对比分析了现有的几种优化的优缺点,选择了一种适用于腰绳装置设计的方法一粒子群算法。利用MATLAB编译环境,编写代码实现腰绳装置优化设计。 (6)以660吨履带起重机的带腰绳变截面臂架系统为例,以臂架最小挠度作为优化目标,从优化结果、优化方法收敛性等几方面对比两种优化策略,确定适合于腰绳装置的优化问题的优化方法。
[Abstract]:In order to meet the requirements of the production, hoisting and manufacturing industries for lifting height, the length of the boom system is increasing year by year, but with the increase of this length. Problems are also increasing. One of them is the arm lifting problem of the long arm boom. Therefore, a waistline auxiliary device has been added to the boom system, although the waist-rope device has been installed on cranes of various tonnage. However, the design of the waist rope device is still the same as the previous repeated test algorithm. In order to get rid of this laborious and time-consuming design method, this paper explores the design law of the waist rope device from many aspects. And a more practical optimization method is designed. The specific work is as follows: This paper briefly describes the form, characteristics and different installation types of the waist-rope device, as well as its influence on the overall performance of the boom, and introduces the present research situation of the waist-rope at home and abroad. 2) because the finite element modeling of boom system is complicated, it needs to be simplified under certain precision. The advantages and disadvantages of two kinds of methods based on equivalent stiffness and equivalent moment of inertia are analyzed in this paper. According to the specific objectives of this optimization design, the equivalent moment of inertia method based on the displacement equality assumption is selected as the basis. At the same time, because of the particularity of the research object-variable cross-section properties can not be ignored. A new simplified arm frame is designed. 3) on the basis of the previous design work of the waist rope, the influence of the waist rope device on the overall mechanical performance of the different types of boom under two typical working conditions is summarized. Single factor analysis method is used to study the influence of the design parameters of the waist rope on the force of the boom system. The results of the above analysis are summarized and its influence law is explored. (4) analyzing the characteristics of the long-arm boom system: firstly, for the super-long boom, the geometric nonlinear characteristics of the boom should be taken into account because the phenomenon of large displacement and small strain will occur when the brace is young; Secondly, the influence of "secondary deformation effect" should not be neglected in engineering practice and research. Finally, due to the application of the waist rope device, it is very possible to produce the reverse bending phenomenon under the minimum amplitude working condition. These factors need to be considered in the process of optimization research. (5) the advantages and disadvantages of zero order and first order optimization method in ANSYS optimization module are analyzed. Based on this, a first order optimization process is proposed, which avoids the limitations of the two methods and gives full play to their applicability. At the same time, the advantages and disadvantages of the existing optimization are compared and analyzed, and a new method, particle swarm optimization, which is suitable for the design of the waist rope device, is selected, and the MATLAB compiler environment is used. Write the code to realize the optimization design of the waist rope device. Taking 660 ton crawler crane with variable cross section boom system with waist rope as an example, taking the minimum deflection of boom as the optimization objective, the two optimization strategies are compared from the optimization results and the convergence of optimization methods. To determine the optimization method suitable for the waist rope device.
【学位授予单位】：大连理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：TH211

【相似文献】