水平轴风力发电机组传动系统的动力学模型建模方法研究

发布时间：2018-01-05 06:24

本文关键词：水平轴风力发电机组传动系统的动力学模型建模方法研究　出处：《兰州理工大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：传动系统作为风力发电机组的动力传递装置，是风力机的一个重要组成部件，直接关系着风力发电机组的整体性能。国内外正专门组织力量对传动系统的设计、制造等各个环节进行攻关研究。国内外传动系统的研究主要针对齿轮箱内部零部件的耦合动力学研究。对传动系统的动态分析理论及方法进行深入研究，建立系统的总体精确动力学模型，才能更好的掌握传动系统的动态特性，提高整体传动系统的性能。本论文以双馈变速恒频风力发电机组两种传动链为研究对象，建立了两种支承结构形式的风力机传动系统模型并对其进行了系统的动力学分析。本文的主要工作内容和研究结论如下： 1)分析风力机传动系统的结构形式，简单对比几种传动链形式优缺点。重点分析了双馈变速恒频风力发电机组的三点悬挂和四点悬挂传动系统因轴承个数及分布不同而引起整个传动系统的激励的变化。结果分析得到三点悬挂式静态无较大集中力，但载荷对齿轮箱行星机构冲击较大；四点悬挂式受力集中，载荷主要对前两个轴承冲击较大。 2）推导拉格朗日方程的原理。把轴系集中参数化、有限元化后简化为梁单元，用拉格朗日能量法推导梁单元的微分方程，应用于轴系的传动系统建模分析。推导出风力机齿轮箱行星架各构件之间的相对位移关系，最后把微分代数方程推导为纯微分方程，便于动力学方程的求解。 3）利用牛顿第二定律建立行星传动系统的动力学方程。推导行星传动系统各个齿轮直接的位移关系，建立广义坐标与局部坐标的关系。为拉格朗日能量动力学模型和牛顿第二定律动力学模型提供理论基础，考虑系统的横向振动和系统扭转振动，根据牛顿第二定律建立行星传动系统的动力学方程，，得到并分析系统的固有频率和相应的振动模式。 4）应用拉格朗日方程、弹性动力学分析法及多体动力学等理论，利用集中参数法和有限元法相结合的方法，建立两种传动链的动力学模型。首次提出用单元法推导局部坐标的相对的关系，为三点悬挂与四点悬挂传动系统局部坐标转化为广义坐标提供理论依据。在建模过程中，首次考虑轴承变形、数目和支承位置的变化对整个传动系统固有特性的影响。分析主轴轴承数目的变化引起的行星架受力、变形和传动系统的固有频率的变化。 5)在拉格朗日原理分析整个传动链的动力学的基础上，用有限元方法分析和对比两种传动系统主轴的结构受力变形和前十阶模态。用mass21单元对调心轴承进行约束和载荷的施加，分析和对比了两种传动轴对整个传动系统动力特性的影响。分析结果和第四章的整机固有特性对比分析可以看出，三点支承式主轴受力与变形比四点支承大，三点支承式主轴对齿轮箱行星架轴承要求较高。四点支承式主轴模态变形比三点支承式主轴大。
[Abstract]:The transmission system as the power transmission device of wind power generator, is an important component of the wind turbine, directly related to the overall performance of the wind turbine at home and abroad. It specially organized forces to design the transmission system and the research on all aspects of manufacturing. The research at home and abroad system mainly for internal parts of gear box research on coupling dynamics. The dynamic analysis theory and method for the transmission system of in-depth research, the overall accurate dynamics model is established and the dynamic characteristics of the transmission system can grasp better, improve the overall performance of the transmission system.
This paper takes two transmission chains of doubly fed variable speed constant frequency wind turbine as the research object, and establishes two models of wind turbine transmission system with support structure, and carries out a systematic dynamic analysis. The main contents and conclusions of this paper are as follows.
1) analysis of structure of the wind turbine transmission system, a simple comparison of several transmission chains. Focus on the analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of three doubly fed VSCF wind turbine suspension and four point suspension transmission system due to the number and distribution of different bearing caused by changes in the transmission system of motivation. The results of the analysis obtained three point suspension no static large centralized power, but a larger load impact on the gear box planetary mechanism; four suspension force concentrated mainly on the first two load bearing a greater impact.
2) principle of Lagrange's equations. The shafting parametric finite element, after simplified beam element, differential equations of beam elements with the Lagrange energy method, modeling and analysis of transmission system used in shafting. The relative displacement of the relation between the wind turbine gearboxplanet carrier component, the differential algebraic equations derivation of pure differential equations, the convenience of solving dynamic equations.
3) by kinetic equation established Newton's second law of planetary transmission system. The direct displacement relationship of each gear planetary transmission system is, establish the relationship between the generalized coordinates and local coordinates. Provide a theoretical basis for the Lagrange energy dynamics model and dynamic model of Newton's second law, lateral vibration and torsional vibration of the system, according to the dynamic equation of Newton the second law of planetary transmission system, and analysis of the natural frequencies and corresponding vibration modes.
4) the application of Lagrange equation, the elastic dynamic analysis method and multi-body dynamics theory, using the method of lumped parameter method and finite element method combining the dynamic model established two kinds of transmission chain. First proposed relative element method is local coordinate, three point suspension and four point suspension transmission system theory on the basis of local coordinate transformation for the generalized coordinates. In the modeling process, first consider the bearing deformation, changes in the number and position of the supporting effect on the inherent characteristics of the whole transmission system. Analysis of spindle bearings caused by the change of the number of planetary gear force, deformation and change of natural frequency of transmission system.
5) based on the principle analysis of the dynamics of Lagrange drive chain on the structure with the finite element method to analyze and compare the two kinds of transmission spindle deformation and the first ten modes are applied. The constraint and load by mass21 unit on the heart of the bearing, analyzes and compares the influence of dynamic characteristics of the entire transmission system two a drive shaft. The comparative analysis of the inherent characteristics of the analysis results and the fourth chapter can be seen, the three point type spindle bearing force and deformation is supported by four points, three points higher. Type spindle bearing of gear box planetary gear bearing four supporting spindle modal deformation than three bearing spindle.

【学位授予单位】：兰州理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：TM315;TH113

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