中国装备制造业技术选择的协同度研究

发布时间：2018-01-05 05:24

本文关键词：中国装备制造业技术选择的协同度研究　出处：《辽宁大学》2013年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：技术选择决定着技术进步的进程，是技术能力提升的关键环节，在技术创新和技术变迁中起着重要作用。在技术经济学研究领域中，技术选择问题已成为研究的核心，涉及到相关领域方方面面的问题。论文从系统协同论的视角出发，综合运用系统理论、协同理论、技术经济学、计量经济学、创新经济学等相关领域的知识体系，利用定性和定量的分析方法，研究技术选择各利益体及其之间的协同作用关系，并构建了技术选择协同测度模型和测度标准；利用规范和实证的分析方法，以中国装备制造业作为实证对象，对装备制造业七大子行业的技术选择协同进行实证分析以及影响因素的面板数据分析。论文在梳理技术选择相关理论和协同学相关理论的基础上，提出本文研究的切入点。首先构建了技术选择协同模型，分析技术选择各利益体及其之间的协同作用关系，以协同理论为载体，逼近理想排序法为工具，构建技术选择协同测度模型及测度标准；其次对中国装备制造业技术选择现状进行分析并进行初步的原因分析；再次，以中国装备制造业为实证分析对象，建立技术选择协同测度指标体系，对中国装备制造业七大子行业进行技术选择协同测度并进行行业聚类分析；再次，通过选择主体有序和创新系统有序分别对技术选择协同度的影响因素分析，建立面板数据模型，得出影响中国装备制造业技术选择协同度的促进因素和阻碍因素，并进行行业对比。最后，以实证分析结果为依据，从选择主体层面和创新系统层面提出提升中国装备制造业技术选择协同度的若干政策建议。通过对技术选择各利益体及其之间基本作用关系的分析，认为技术选择各利益体及其之间的相互作用关系构成了创新系统，各利益体间存在着复杂自适应行为，在遵循逻辑斯蒂曲线演进规律的基础上，选择主体对创新基础、创新活动、创新链接和创新环境形成作用力。创新系统在自组织演化过程中，创新基础、创新活动、创新链接和创新环境，通过各利益体间的交互作用、惯例及搜索行为、选择和学习行为对选择主体形成反作用力。通过介入协同理论对技术选择各利益体间的协同作用关系进行分析，认为技术选择各利益体间协同效应的产生取决于彼此协同作用系数的大小，只有处在合适的范畴内才能产生协同价值，否则将降低协同绩效。技术选择协同是技术选择主体为实现一定的系统目标，在技术选择各利益体相互作用的过程中，综合考虑创新系统内外因素的影响，对各种可能得到的技术手段进行综合比较，从中选取与各利益体最优协同技术体系的过程。通过构建技术选择协同的测度模型和测度标准，认为技术选择协同的测度为，在一定时空范围内，影响技术选择各利益体间协同价值产生的各因素距各自最佳值的接近程度。技术选择协同的测度标准包括三部分：选择主体有序、创新系统有序及选择主体与创新系统的协同。通过对中国装备制造业各子行业技术选择协同度的测度值进行分析，认为中国装备制造业七个子行业分为四类，第一类为技术选择协同度低行业群，包括交通运输设备制造业和仪器仪表及文化办公用机械制造业行业群；第二类为技术选择协同度较低行业群，包括电气机械及器材制造业行业群；第三类为技术选择协同度适中行业群，包括通用设备制造和专用设备制造业行业群；第四类为技术选择协同度高行业群，包括金属制品业和电子及通讯设备制造业行业群。通过对中国装备制造业技术选择协同度的影响因素分析，认为影响中国装备制造业技术选择协同的诸多因素中，引进国内技术资金投入、新产品产出水平、研发软件投入水平、RD项目平均经费投入、企业间的创新投入水平等因素对中国装备制造业技术选择协同影响最强，是行业技术选择协同价值产生的核心序参量，决定着行业创新系统演进的渐变过程和突变结果。其中RD项目平均经费投入对行业技术选择协同的影响最大。同时中国装备制造业技术选择协同受到引进国外技术资金投入、引进国外技术消化吸收资金投入、有效专利产出水平、RD机构平均经费投入、与高校创新合作费用支出、与研究机构创新合作费用支出、外商创新投入、金融机构融资规模等因素的阻碍。其中引进国外技术资金投入对技术选择协同度的负向作用力最大，是中国装备制造业技术选择协同过程的瓶颈因素。金属制品业技术选择协同过程中决定行业演进的序参量较多，，行业技术选择的过程也较其他行业要更加复杂和多变；电器机械制造业技术选择的协同度受技术升级换代资金投入的影响较其他行业要强；仪器仪表及文化办公用设备制造业技术选择协同度受RD课题平均经费投入影响较其他行业要强。通过对计量结果的总体分析，认为中国装备制造业技术选择协同度提升应从两个层面六个方面提出，选择主体层面：加大国内技术的投入比重，提高技术应用的商业化程度；创新系统层面：进一步完善人才培养体制，以项目形式带动创新活动的开展，提升产学研合作层次，优化企业为主体的创新环境。
[Abstract]:Technology choices of technological progress, is the key technology to enhance the ability, plays an important role in technological innovation and technological change. In the field of technical research in economics, technology selection problem has become the core of research, involving the field of issues related to all aspects. From the perspective of system coordination theory, comprehensive based on the system theory, coordination theory, technology economics, econometrics, innovation economics and other related fields of knowledge, using the method of qualitative and quantitative analysis, technology choice of relationship synergy between the body and the interests, and construct the technology selection of collaborative measure model and measure standard; using normative and empirical analysis methods. To China equipment manufacturing industry as an example, the equipment manufacturing industry seven major industry technology selection cooperation and the empirical analysis the influencing factors of the panel Data analysis.
Based on combing technology selection theory and synergetics theory, put forward the starting point of this research. First established a selection of collaborative model, analysis of technology choice synergism between each benefit body and the collaborative theory as the carrier, to sort the approximation method, measure model and selection of collaborative construction technology the standard measure; secondly Chinese equipment manufacturing technology selection to analyze the current situation of and preliminary analysis of the causes; thirdly, to Chinese equipment manufacturing industry as the empirical analysis object, establish the technology selection of collaborative measure index system of equipment manufacturing industry China seven sub sectors of technology measure and selection of collaborative industry clustering analysis; thirdly, through the selection of the main innovation system of orderly and orderly technology selection of collaborative influence factors analysis, establish panel data model, get out of the shadow Sound selection of synergy factors promoting and hindering factors of manufacturing technology and equipment China, industry comparison. Finally, based on empirical analysis based on the results from the selection of the main innovation level and system level put forward several policy suggestions of choosing collaborative manufacturing technology Chinese equipment.
Based on the analysis of the relationship between the interests of technology choice of basic function and the relationship between the various interests that the technology choice and their interactions between the formation of innovation system, the interests of the body there is a complex adaptive behavior based on Christian curve follows the logic evolution rule, the selection of the main basis for innovation, innovation, innovation links and innovative environment forces. Innovation system in the self organization evolution process, innovation base, innovation activities, innovation links and innovation environment, through the interaction of different interests between the practice and search behavior, selection of learning behavior and form a reaction to the choice of subjects.
Through the intervention of collaborative theory to analyze the relationship between technology selection synergy between each benefit body, that depends on the choice of technology synergies between each benefit body to each synergy coefficient, only in the right context can produce synergistic value, otherwise it will reduce performance. Collaborative technology selection cooperation is the main body for the realization of technology choice the system goal, in the choice of technology of each benefit body interaction process, considering the impact of innovation system of internal and external factors, a comprehensive comparison of various techniques available, selection of technology system coordination and each benefit body from the best.
By constructing the measure model and measure technology selection cooperation, that measure for selection of collaborative technology, in a certain range of time and space, influence factors of technology choice value of each benefit body from their synergies between the optimum value of close degree. The standard measure of technology selection cooperation consists of three parts: the selection of the main orderly, collaborative innovation system order and the choice of subjects and innovation system.
Based on the China equipment manufacturing sub industries technology selection of synergy measure analysis, think China equipment manufacturing industry seven sub divided into four categories, the first category for the technology selection of collaborative low degree of industry groups, including transportation equipment manufacturing and instrumentation and cultural office machinery manufacturing industry group; second as the technology selection of collaborative low degree of industry groups, including electrical machinery and equipment manufacturing industry group; third kinds of technology for moderate selection of collaborative industry groups, including the general equipment manufacturing and equipment manufacturing industry group; fourth kinds of technology for selection of collaborative high degree of industry groups, including the metal products industry and electronic and communication equipment manufacturing industry group.
Through the analysis of the influencing factors of synergy of China equipment manufacturing technology, that many factors influence the selection of collaborative manufacturing technology China equipment, the introduction of capital into the domestic technology, the new product output level, software R & D investment level, the average investment in the RD project, factors of inter enterprise innovation investment level selection cooperation had the strongest effect the China equipment manufacturing technology, industry technology selection cooperation produce the value of core order parameters, determines the gradual process of industry innovation system evolution and mutation. Results of the RD project for the average investment in the technology of industry selection cooperation biggest influence. At the same time China equipment manufacturing technology collaboration is capital introduction of foreign technology, the introduction of the digestion and absorption of foreign technology capital investment, effective patent output level, RD average investment funds, in cooperation with the university innovation cost expenditure Research and innovation cooperation mechanism, expenditure, foreign investment in innovation, financial institutions and other factors the scale of financing obstacles. The foreign capital introduction of technology choice of synergy negative force, is the bottleneck factor of the collaborative process of manufacturing technology and equipment. China technology of metal products industry select order parameter more development of industry collaborative decision in the process of industry, technology selection process than other industries to be more complex and changeable; electrical machinery manufacturing technology selection of the synergy degree affected by the technological upgrading of capital investment than other industries stronger; instrumentation and cultural office equipment manufacturing technology selection of synergy by RD average investment effect than other subject the industry is stronger.
Through the overall analysis on the measurement results, that six aspects to enhance the degree of cooperation from two aspects put forward the choice of manufacturing technology Chinese equipment, the selection of the main domestic technology level: increase the proportion of investment to improve the degree of commercialization of technology innovation; system level: to further improve the personnel training system, promote innovation activities in the form of project the development, enhance cooperation level, optimize the enterprise as the main body of the innovation environment.

【学位授予单位】：辽宁大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F426.4

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